{"id":4997,"date":"2020-04-27T12:13:28","date_gmt":"2020-04-27T05:13:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/phapnhan.org\/en\/?p=4997"},"modified":"2020-05-11T10:25:54","modified_gmt":"2020-05-11T03:25:54","slug":"the-brief-summary-of-shakyamuni-buddhas-history","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/en\/the-brief-summary-of-shakyamuni-buddhas-history\/","title":{"rendered":"The Brief Summary of Shakyamuni Buddha’s History"},"content":{"rendered":"

Th\u00edch Tr\u1eebng S\u1ef9<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Siddh\u0101rtha Gautama<\/em>, who was a historical man, a prince of Sakyan\u00a0<\/em>clan, son of King Suddhodana, <\/em>lived in Kapilavastu <\/em>castle nearly three thousand years ago. Siddh\u0101rtha <\/em>was born on the Full Moon Day of Vesak<\/em> month, corresponding to the common calendar May, in the year of 624 B.C.E., beneath the root of Ashoka <\/em>tree in the Lumbini<\/em> park, a part of Nepal today. Siddh\u0101rtha <\/em>means the fully-contented man with sufficient merit and wisdom.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Seven days after the prince was born, his mother, Queen M\u0101y\u0101dev\u012b<\/em>, passed away. His stepmother, who was Mah\u0101paj\u0101pat\u012b Gotam\u012b<\/em> looked after him. When he reached at the age of 16, he married princess Yasodhar\u0101<\/em> and had an only son named R\u0101hula<\/em>.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Living in the lap of luxury, wealth and happiness, but the prince who still felt unfree and uncomfortable, along with his intimate named Channa<\/em>, made a trip out of the four gates of the royal palace to visit the real world outside. Getting out of the gate, going to the East<\/strong>, the prince and Channa<\/em> met an old person<\/strong>; going to the West<\/strong>, they met a sick person<\/strong>, going to the South<\/strong>, they saw a dead person<\/strong>; and going to the North<\/strong>, they met a mendicant<\/strong>. One of the four real scenes the prince witnessed, the fourth scene was not only a contemplative subject for him, but it also created the inspiration for him later on to become a homeless monastic, living without family and being not tied by family and children.<\/span><\/p>\n

Leaving his royal family for religious life at the age of 29, learning ancient religion from two ascetics, \u0100l\u0101ra Kal\u0101ma<\/em> and Uddaka R\u0101maputta<\/em>, spending six years practicing asceticism with his five brothers of Konda\u00f1\u00f1a<\/em>, hermit Siddh\u0101rtha<\/em> saw that their extremist and ascetic practices hindered their enlightenment attainment. He decided to choose himself the way of cultivation without self-indulgence and self-mortification by practicing the Middle Path<\/strong>, that is, the Noble Eightfold Path with the eight interrelated lanes consisting of Right View (Samm\u0101 Di<\/em>\u1e6d\u1e6d<\/em>hi<\/em>), Right Thought (Samm\u0101 Sa<\/em>\u1e43<\/em>kappa<\/em>), Right Speech (Samm\u0101 V\u0101c\u0101<\/em>), Right Action (Samm\u0101 Kammanta<\/em>), Right Livelihood (Samm\u0101 \u0100j\u012bva<\/em>), Right Effort (Samm\u0101 V\u0101y\u0101ma<\/em>), Right Mindfulness (Samm\u0101 Sati<\/em>), and Right Concentration (Samm\u0101 Sam\u0101dhi<\/em>).[1]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

After eating a milky porridge bowl made offerings by a young lady named Sujata<\/em>, receiving a bunch of auspicious grasses (Kusa<\/em>) from a farmer, going to Bodhgaya, Bodhisattva Siddh\u0101rtha<\/em> was determined to sit in meditation beneath the Bodhi tree for 49 days and nights, until attaining the perfect enlightenment. Practicing meditation from low to high degrees, he contemplated and followed in-and-out breathing regularly, mindfully, and consciously. Thanks to such diligent practice, he obtained and dwelt in the first Meditation (Jh\u0101na<\/em>), the second Meditation, the third Meditation, the fourth Meditation, Concentration on the abode of infinite space (Akasanantya<\/em> Y<\/em>atana<\/em>), Concentration on the abode of infinite consciousness (Vijnanantya<\/em> Y<\/em>atana<\/em>), Concentration on the abode where nothing exists at all (Akincanna<\/em> Y<\/em>atana<\/em>), Concentration on neither perception nor non-perception (N’evasanna<\/em> N<\/em>asanna<\/em> Y<\/em>atana<\/em>), and the Cessation of the Annihilation of Concentration (Nirodha<\/em> S<\/em>amapatti<\/em>).[2]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

On 49th<\/sup> night, in the first night watch<\/strong>, Bodhisattva who obtained \u201cthe Reminiscence of the Past Births\u201d (Pubbe niv\u0101s\u0101nussati m\u0101na<\/em>) knew the causes and effects of his previous lives clearly; in the middle night watch<\/strong>, he who obtained \u201cClairvoyant supernormal vision\u201d (Cut\u016bpap\u0101ta m\u0101na<\/em>) knew karmic retribution of human beings’ previous\u00a0 lives clearly; in the last night watch<\/strong>, when morning star arose, he who obtained \u201cthe Comprehension of the Cessation of Corruptions\u201d (\u0100savakkhaya m\u0101na<\/em>) attained perfect enlightenment (Anuttara samma sambodhi<\/em>), discovered the four noble Truths: Suffering\u00a0 (Dukkha<\/em>), the Origin of Suffering (Dukkha samudaya ariya sacca<\/em>), the Cessation of Suffering (Dukkha nirodha ariya sacca<\/em>), and the Path leading to the Cessation of Suffering (Dukkha nirodha g\u0101mini\u00a0 patipad\u0101 ariya sacca<\/em>). Finally, Bodhisattva<\/em> became the Buddha called Sakyamuni <\/em>in Bodh Gaya<\/em> at the age of 35. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

After Bodhisattva<\/em> became the Buddha, a heavenly King of deities named Brahma S\u0101hampati <\/em>requested him three times to preach the Dharma and teach human beings. Finally, he agreed with Braham\u2019s requests, and sought out two previous ascetics to spread the Dharma, but both of them died. Going to Deer Park (Migadava<\/em>) in Sarnath<\/em>, the Buddha preached the First Sermon (Dhamma<\/em> C<\/em>akka<\/em> P<\/em>avattana<\/em>) to five fellow practitioners. They all understood the wonderful Dharma fully and obtained Arhanta.<\/em> Thus, the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha<\/strong> have been formed there.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Buddha and His Sangha,<\/em> who mainly depended on meditation \u2013 concentration, and on patrons\u2019 alms-giving to nurture their minds and bodies, relished dwelling in the natural environment, and achieved self-attainment, joy and happiness all by themselves to instruct other people. Living their familyless lives, they who had much time to cultivate and serve human beings relied on sentiment of teacher and students, that of Dharma friends, that of fellow monks, sentiment of protecting the Dharma and propagating it to benefit living things and living beings all over the planet.<\/span><\/p>\n

Next, the wealthy families include Mr. Dasa<\/em>, his loved ones, relatives, and friends who were instructed by the Buddha and became his disciples. Among them, the most virtuous, talented, and famous disciples of the Buddha listed below are:<\/span><\/p>\n

The honored Elder S\u0101riputta<\/em> \u2013 the Head of the Dharma with supreme wisdom,<\/span><\/p>\n

The honored Elder Moggallana<\/em> \u2013 the Monk with supreme piety and psychic power,<\/span><\/p>\n

The honored Elder Maha Kassapa <\/em>\u2013 the exemplary Patriarch with the ability to teach and lead the Sangha, and practice ascetic cultivation supremely,<\/span><\/p>\n

The honored Elder Subhuti<\/em> \u2013 the Contemplator of supreme emptiness (Su\u00f1\u00f1at\u0101<\/em>),<\/span><\/p>\n

The honored Elder Purana<\/em> \u2013 the brilliant Preacher of preaching the Dharma attractively,<\/span><\/p>\n

The honored Elder Kaccayana<\/em> \u2013 the brilliant Commentator of interpreting the Dharma fluently<\/em>,<\/span><\/p>\n

The honored Elder Anurudha <\/em>\u2013 The Monk with unobstructed vision, that is, supremely Clairvoyant vision,<\/span><\/p>\n

The honored Elder Upali<\/em> \u2013 the leading exemplary Lawyer of repeating Vinaya<\/em> Pitaka <\/em>or Discipline observance supremely,<\/span><\/p>\n

The honored Elder Ananda<\/em> \u2013 the Monk who has the ability to much hear, acquire, to remember the Buddhadharma <\/em>in detail repeats the Sutta Pitaka<\/em>, is also the wholehearted, thoughtful, faithful, and skillful attendant with good countenance supremely,<\/span><\/p>\n

The honored Elder\u00a0Rahula<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 the Monk with the patience,\u00a0deep listening, transformation, and practice of the First solemn and fine bodily action.<\/span><\/p>\n

The honored female Elder Mah\u00e0paj\u00e0pati Gotami <\/em>\u2013 the exemplary Patriarch with the ability to collect and lead the Bhikkhuni Sangha, and practice ascetic cultivation supremely,\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A rich Lady Visakha <\/em>\u2013 A benefactress of kind heart giving alms, making offerings, and protecting the Buddhadharma supremely.<\/span><\/p>\n

A rich Gentleman Anathapindika<\/em> \u2013 A benefactor of kind heart giving alms, making offerings, and protecting the Buddhadharma supremely.<\/span><\/p>\n

After the Buddha’s passing away about over two hundreds years, King Ashoka<\/em> \u2013 The holy Buddhist emperor with countless merit to spread Buddhism inside and outside India supremely.<\/span><\/p>\n

In Vietnam, after the Buddha\u2019s passing away about over one thousand and five hundred years, King Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng, having left his royal life for monastic life, went up to Y\u00ean T\u1eed mountain of B\u1eafc Ninh province today, obtained fruition of enlightenment, applied and taught the Buddhadharma to the people living their lives of peace and happiness for a long time.<\/span><\/p>\n

When his disciples became a large crowded, the Buddha encouraged and counseled: \u201cO disciples! Go forth to many different directions to propagate the Dharma and save sentient beings, bring your own cultivation, joy and happiness to instruct other people. Out of peace and happiness for devas and human beings, spread the Dharma to all beings. The Tath\u0101gata\u2019s teachings are perfect in the beginning, perfect in the middle, perfect in the end, both in the spirit and in the letter. Proclaim the holy and peaceful life to the many all over the planet.<\/em>\u201d (See Mah\u0101vagga<\/em> 19 \u2013 20).<\/span><\/p>\n

Afterward, the Buddha taught very many different kinds of people, in all walks of society, such as kings, mandarins, merchants, servants, even cow feces pickers, murderers, and courtesans. His Dharma and Sangha have the capability to accept people coming from different castes, religions, skin colors, races, etc. Those who have enough wholesome conditions to cultivate, learn, understand, practice, and apply the Buddhadharma <\/em>in their daily lives mindfully and awakeningly can bring peaceful joy and authentic happiness to themselves and to others right here and now in the present life.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Buddha\u2019s disciples mainly include two big Congregations: Monastics and lay people. Both of these congregations that support one another as an image and its shadow make the key factors bring Buddhism into life, and help life add joy and lessen suffering.<\/span><\/p>\n

Propagating the Dharma for 45 years, all that the Buddha has taught is like a handful of tree leaves in the palm of his hand, is to help people recognize suffering and transform it, and to help them live lives of peace and happiness right in the present world.<\/span><\/p>\n

Before entering Nirvana<\/em>, the Buddha advised his disciples: \u201cO disciples! Everything is impermanent and changing. Make efforts to cultivate and practice the Buddhadharma more and more, to bring joy and happiness to yourselves and to others<\/em>. These are my ultimate teachings for you.\u201d (See D\u00ecgha Nik<\/em>\u0101ya<\/em> \u2013 Mah<\/em>\u0101parinibb\u0101na sutta<\/em> Part II, 16).<\/span><\/p>\n

Existing on this earth for eighty years, about 544 B.C.E., at the age of 80, the Buddha who passed away peacefully lay on his right hip, left leg stretched out on right leg, his head turned to the Northern direction beneath two longevity trees in the Sala <\/em>forest in Kusinagar <\/em>District, India today.<\/span><\/p>\n

To pay homage and profound gratitude to the World-Honored One, whose disciples themselves must live correctly with the Dharma by avoiding evil, doing good, keeping bodies and minds purified. All of us have to be gifts of cultivation, peace, joy, and true happiness to be dedicated to ourselves and other people right here and right now in the present life.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

May you all be well and instilled into the Dharma of the World-Honored One<\/em><\/strong><\/span>.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[1]<\/a>\u00a0 See the Discourse on the Turning of the Dhamma<\/em> Wheel (Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta<\/em>) of Connected Discourses on the Truths<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 (Samyutta Nikaya<\/em>, 56: 11).<\/span><\/p>\n

[2]<\/a>\u00a0 See S. III. 28. S\u0101riputtasa<\/em>\u1e43<\/em>yutta<\/em>;\u00a0 CDB. III. Chap. VII. 1018.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Th\u00edch Tr\u1eebng S\u1ef9   Siddh\u0101rtha Gautama, who was a historical man, a prince of Sakyan\u00a0clan, son of King Suddhodana, lived in Kapilavastu castle nearly three thousand years ago. Siddh\u0101rtha was born on the Full Moon Day of Vesak month, corresponding to the common calendar May, in the year of 624 B.C.E., beneath the root of […]\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":4998,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[226,231,247,234,215,217,225,233],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4997"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4997"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4997\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5093,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4997\/revisions\/5093"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4998"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4997"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4997"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4997"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}