{"id":14120,"date":"2024-04-29T10:01:12","date_gmt":"2024-04-29T03:01:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/?p=14120"},"modified":"2024-04-29T10:36:48","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T03:36:48","slug":"anh-sang-giac-ngo-qua-cai-nhin-cua-bo-tat-tat-dat-da-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/anh-sang-giac-ngo-qua-cai-nhin-cua-bo-tat-tat-dat-da-3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 qua c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a"},"content":{"rendered":"

Thich Tr\u1eebng S\u1ef9<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00c1NH S\u00c1NG GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8 QUA C\u00c1I NH\u00ccN C\u1ee6A B\u1ed2-T\u00c1T T\u1ea4T-\u0110\u1ea0T-\u0110A<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
X\u01b0a v\u00e0 nay, trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ecdc mu\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kham nh\u1eabn, n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c, tu, h\u1ecdc, r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho tha nh\u00e2n. Nh\u1edd tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kham nh\u1eabn, tu, h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 cho t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 tha nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00ec h\u1ecd m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ecdc, v. v\u2026 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a Gautama,<\/span>(1)<\/span><\/span> m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o S\u01b0 t\u00e2m linh ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh, t\u1eeb bi, v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, tr\u1ea3i qua 6 n\u0103m tu kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh r\u1eebng gi\u00e0 v\u1edbi n\u0103m anh em \u00d4ng A-nh\u00e3 Ki\u1ec1u-tr\u1ea7n-nh\u01b0. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian t\u1ea7m s\u01b0 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecbt, \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra ch\u00e2n l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1-\u0111\u1ea1o-tr\u00e0ng su\u1ed1t 49 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam, v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ed9i c\u00e2y B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Th\u00edch-ca-m\u00e2u-ni, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean v\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f4n k\u00ednh, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111em \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c cho ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi ch\u00fang sanh tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
Qua nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft m\u1ea1nh d\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 cho b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201c\u00c1nh S\u00e1ng Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9 qua C\u00e1i Nh\u00ecn Tu\u1ec7 Gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a.\u201d C\u00e1i nh\u00ecn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh kham nh\u1eabn, tinh t\u1ea5n, tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o, ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a ch\u00fang sanh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a (Bodhisattva Siddh\u0101rtha). Trong ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 \u201c\u00c1nh S\u00e1ng, Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a.\u201d Sau \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1eebng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef m\u1ed9t v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng sao h\u00f4m, sao mai; \u00e1ng s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00e8n xe, \u0111\u00e8n ne-on, v. v \u2026 C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, hay \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u00ean, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, kham nh\u1eabn, tinh ti\u1ebfn, thanh l\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o th\u00e0nh gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a. Nh\u1edd tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh thu\u1ea7n t\u1ecbnh, ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m, v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn v\u00f4 minh, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c, ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7, v.v\u2026 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t v\u00f2ng t\u00e1i sinh lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed (T\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n). \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 v\u1ecb Vua h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. (2)<\/span>\u00a0 H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t khi n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta h\u1ecdc, hi\u1ec3u, h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec, v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, tr\u00fa x\u1ee9, v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau. Khi ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00ec \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft trong y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m, t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c, v\u1eefng ch\u00e3i, th\u1ea3nh th\u01a1i, thong dong, v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i. Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u \u1ea5y, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd c\u00f3 an l\u1ea1c ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y trong gi\u1edd ph\u00fat hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
Gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ph\u00e0m phu, qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp, chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n. Gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp, \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn h\u1ebft c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ed5 (Dukkha), kh\u1ed5 t\u1eadp (Dukkha Samudaya), kh\u1ed5 di\u1ec7t (Dukkha Nirodha), v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed5 di\u1ec7t (Dukkha Nirodha G\u0101min\u012b Patipad\u0101), (3)<\/span> B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a, v\u1edbi ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c, v\u1eefng ch\u00e3i v\u00e0 th\u1ea3nh th\u01a1i, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t trong nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, m\u00e0 ngay trong hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi, ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt s\u01a1 sinh, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch-ca-m\u00e2u-ni (Sakyamuni Buddha) sau n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n n\u1ecd, vua T\u1ecbnh Ph\u1ea1n, th\u00e2n ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i, \u0111\u00e3 hai l\u1ea7n ch\u1eafp tay ch\u00e0o x\u00e1 con m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3nh l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0,\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
1. Vua ch\u1eafp tay x\u00e1 ch\u00e0o con m\u00ecnh trong l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea1o S\u0129 A-t\u01b0-\u0111\u00e0 (Asita) \u0111ang xem t\u01b0\u1edbng cho th\u00e1i t\u1eed s\u01a1 sinh. Sau n\u00e0y, th\u00e1i t\u1eed s\u1ebd \u0111i tu v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t B\u1eadc t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u1ed1i h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
2. Trong bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 c\u00e0y c\u1ea5y, vua ch\u1eafp tay x\u00e1 ch\u00e0o con m\u00ecnh trong l\u00fac th\u00e1i t\u1eed 9 tu\u1ed5i \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e2y h\u1ed3ng t\u00e1o, chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m, v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang sanh \u0111ang tranh gi\u00e0nh, gi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 \u0103n th\u1ecbt l\u1eabn nhau. V\u1edbi t\u00e2m t\u1eeb s\u1eb5n c\u00f3, th\u00e1i t\u1eed kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh mu\u00f4n lo\u00e0i.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
3. Vua \u0111\u1ea3nh l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt trong khi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111ang \u0111i kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 th\u0103m th\u00e0nh Ca-t\u1ef3-la-v\u1ec7, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ho\u00e0ng th\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c th\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong ho\u00e0ng cung sinh t\u00e2m cao ng\u1ea1o v\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. L\u00fac \u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt li\u1ec1n d\u00f9ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb bi v\u00e0 l\u1eeda tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nhi\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a h\u1ecd. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y sinh t\u00e2m cung k\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3nh l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 T\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nNh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e0m v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t th\u00e1nh lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong th\u00e2n t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Trong ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e0m c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t th\u00e1nh; trong ch\u1ea5t th\u00e1nh c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. Ch\u1ea5t th\u00e1nh trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh hay ch\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt. Tuy nhi\u00ean, x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 trong h\u1ecd, \u1edf th\u00e1nh Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng, \u1edf ph\u00e0m Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nHi\u1ec3u r\u1ed9ng th\u00eam n\u1eefa l\u00e0, theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb bi c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, \u1edf trong con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 con v\u1eadt, Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3, v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf trong c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh, Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vun tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea9m Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh trong ta v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i sinh, t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a mu\u00f4n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 mu\u00f4n v\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. D\u00f9 \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb ph\u00e0m phu hay th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3, d\u00f9 \u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh hay h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta tu t\u1eadp t\u00e2m t\u1eeb bi v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, th\u00ec \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh trong ta hi\u1ec3n b\u00e0y. <\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nTuy nhi\u00ean, x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh t\u00f9y theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tu t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ph\u00e0m phu v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t. \u1ede th\u00e1nh, Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh t\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 \u00e1nh tr\u0103ng R\u1eb1m, \u1edf ph\u00e0m, Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh t\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 \u00e1nh tr\u0103ng khuy\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9, Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng 100%, v\u00ec phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00e0 l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ph\u00e0m phu, qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp, thanh l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a, Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng kho\u1ea3ng \u202640, 60, 80\u2026%, v\u00ec phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00e0 l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c \u0111ang v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nTr\u0103ng m\u1edd v\u00ec m\u00e2y, Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh m\u1edd v\u00ec phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o; m\u00e2y tan nh\u1edd gi\u00f3, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o tham, s\u00e2n, si\u2026 \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t nh\u1edd tu t\u1eadp v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a. Tu t\u1eadp c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o tham, s\u00e2n, si, m\u1ea1n, nghi, \u00e1c ki\u1ebfn… Khi c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t, th\u00ec \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tr\u00f2n s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n b\u00e0y. \u1ede \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gian quy ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nKhi th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb bi do ch\u00ednh B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 do m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5ng th\u1ea7n linh ban t\u1eb7ng. N\u00f3 do ch\u00ednh B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t n\u1ebfm v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m qua s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 t\u00e2m linh. N\u00f3 r\u1ea5t vi di\u1ec7u, th\u00f9 th\u1eafng, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ai quan t\u00e2m, h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec, v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, an vui, v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho tha nh\u00e2n ngay t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nTh\u1ef1c v\u1eady, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng tham, s\u00e2n, si, v\u00f4 minh, t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, h\u1eadn th\u00f9, v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e1nh kham nh\u1eabn, tinh t\u1ea5n, n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c, tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 tu, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9, t\u1ef1 ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t qua vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb bi, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c cho s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u an l\u1ea1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u01a1i d\u1eady v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng hoa tr\u00e1i tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c trong th\u00e2n t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1eebng s\u00e1ng.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nB\u1ed3-t\u00e1t trong ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n (Sanskrit) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 Bodhisattva<\/em>; B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 (Bodhi) c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u1edbn, l\u00e0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, hay l\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c; Sattva c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fang sanh, m\u1ed9t h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh, hay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. V\u1eady B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t (Bodhisattva) c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c nguy\u1ec7n \u0111i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vui, tu t\u1eadp, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 cho tha nh\u00e2n ngay cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nTr\u00ean l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecbt c\u00f3 th\u1eadt trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ea5n, ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kham nh\u1eabn, t\u00ecm ra ch\u00e2n l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 sau n\u00e0y. Ch\u00ednh v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1o S\u01b0 t\u00e2m linh cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, d\u1eabn d\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 l\u1ed1i an vui v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh cho ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi ch\u00fang sanh tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp h\u00e0nh tinh. <\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nPh\u00e0m phu ch\u00fang ta, v\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c, m\u00e0 sinh ra n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eddi, n\u00ean m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u0103n t\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c nhau, gia \u0111\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o kh\u00e1c nhau\u2026 kh\u00f4ng ai gi\u1ed1ng ai c\u1ea3. Th\u00e1i t\u1eed T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c, v\u00ec nguy\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c, m\u00e0 sinh ra n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eddi trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u00e0ng t\u1ed9c, gi\u00e0u sang, v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n qu\u00fd \u1edf th\u00e0nh Ca-t\u1ef3-la-v\u1ec7 (P. Kapilavatthu<\/em> S. Kapilavastu<\/em>), m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a N\u00ea-pan ng\u00e0y nay. (4)<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nL\u1edbn l\u00ean, th\u00e1i t\u1eed l\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Da-du-\u0111\u00e0-la (Yasodhar\u0101<\/em>), v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 La-h\u1ea7u-la (R\u0101hula<\/em>). C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u c\u1eadn t\u00ean l\u00e0 Sa N\u1eb7c, m\u1ed9t h\u00f4m th\u00e1i t\u1eed \u0111i vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m b\u1ed1n c\u1eeda th\u00e0nh, th\u1ea5y b\u1ed1n c\u1ea3nh th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft, v\u00e0 v\u1ecb \u1ea9n s\u0129. C\u1ea3nh th\u1eadt th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u00e0 v\u1ecb kh\u1ea5t s\u0129 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng thong dong v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i, t\u1ea1o \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc trong t\u00e2m kh\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a th\u00e1i t\u1eed, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho th\u00e1i t\u1eed sau n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u00fai r\u1eebng.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nTh\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i qua 6 n\u0103m kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh t\u1ea1i hang \u0111\u1ed9ng Mahakala<\/em> tr\u00ean n\u00fai n\u00fai T\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ea7u (Dhungeshwari<\/em>), m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a ch\u1ec9 \u0103n m\u1ed9t \u00edt hoa qu\u1ea3, v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n da b\u1ecdc x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Khi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1ed1i tu kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Trung \u0110\u1ea1o: (kh\u00f4ng tham \u0111\u1eafm d\u1ee5c l\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh \u00e9p x\u00e1c) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ecd nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng b\u00e1t ch\u00e1o s\u1eefa c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng Su-d\u00e0-ta (Sujata) c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c. Sau \u0111\u00f3, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t th\u1ecd nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t b\u00f3 c\u1ecf c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng phu, \u0111i th\u1eb3ng t\u1edbi B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1-\u0111\u1ea1o-tr\u00e0ng (Bodhgaya<\/em>), tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ed9i c\u00e2y B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ng\u00e0i chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng ma qu\u00e2n (Ma qu\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho c\u00e1c t\u1eadp kh\u00ed tham \u00e1i, s\u00e2n gi\u1eadn, si m\u00ea, ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7, v.v\u2026 trong n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m), v\u00e0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nTrong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 kham nh\u1eabn c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n s\u1ef1 kham nh\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh; ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. \u1ede \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, v\u00e0o m\u00f9a n\u00f3ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 45 \u0111\u1ed9 C. (45% C. = Celsius\/ Centigrade = 120 degrees F. \/ Fehrenheit), v\u00e0 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a l\u1ea1nh, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u01b0\u1edbi 0 \u0111\u1ed9 C. (0% C. = 0 degrees C. Celsius\/ Centigrade = 32 degrees F. Fehrenheit). Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y nay, s\u1ed1ng \u1edf trong nh\u00e0, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, ch\u0103n, g\u1ed1i, n\u1ec7m, l\u00f2 s\u01b0\u1edfi, m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a\u2026 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00fang ta r\u1ea5t \u1ea5m \u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1nh, n\u00f3ng, v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu. <\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nB\u00e2y gi\u1edd, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y suy ngh\u0129 ti\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a (Bodhisattva Siddh\u0101rtha), ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh, \u0103n hoa qu\u1ea3, u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a, n\u01b0\u1edbc su\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i th\u00e2n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c, ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m, v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i t\u00e2m\u2026 Ban \u0111\u00eam, ng\u00e0i ng\u1ee7 d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y, ban ng\u00e0y, ng\u00e0i \u0111i kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c. Ng\u00e0i lu\u00f4n d\u00f9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean l\u00e0m nh\u00e0, d\u00f9ng c\u00e2y v\u00e0 l\u00e1 r\u1eebng l\u00e0m gi\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfu, d\u00f9ng tr\u0103ng sao l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e8n, d\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m, v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c l\u00e0m m\u00f3n \u0103n tinh th\u1ea7n cho th\u00e2n t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho tha nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nTi\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m, ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 s\u00e2u k\u00edn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c (\u0100laya Vij\u00f1\u0101n<\/em>a), h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng thi\u1ec7n g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 ch\u00e1nh kham nh\u1eabn, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng, kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c, ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, v\u1eefng ch\u00e3i, tinh ti\u1ebfn, ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1c, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh tinh th\u1ea7n, ni\u1ec1m tin b\u1ea5t tho\u00e1i, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c… C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3i, bi\u1ebfng nh\u00e1c, tho\u00e1i lui, do d\u1ef1, l\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ef1, nhu nh\u01b0\u1ee3c, y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i, si m\u00ea, v\u00f4 minh, v.v\u2026<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nTu t\u1eadp l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp kham nh\u1eabn, nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a t\u1eeb kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n th\u00e0nh an vui, kh\u1ed5 \u0111au th\u00e0nh h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, v\u00f4 minh th\u00e0nh minh\u2026. Tuy nhi\u00ean, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta, khi g\u1eb7p th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n, ng\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec9 l\u1ea1nh l\u1ebdo. v. v\u2026, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tho\u00e1i lui. Nh\u01b0ng, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a lu\u00f4n hoan h\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh, v\u00e0 kham nh\u1eabn, xem nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh tinh th\u1ea7n, \u00fd ch\u00ed d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh, tinh ti\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1c phi th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t t\u1edbi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t t\u00e2m linh sau n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nV\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ea1i bi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00ed, khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, th\u00ec B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh tinh t\u1ea5n, kham nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn. Mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy\u00ean sinh (S. prat\u012btyasamutp\u0101da<\/em>; P. paticcasamupp\u0101da<\/em>). N\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu t\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra ch\u1ea5t th\u00e1nh, ch\u1ea5t v\u1eefng ch\u00e3i v\u00e0 th\u1ea3nh th\u01a1i, an vui v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. L\u00eca con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ra, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u \u1ea5y. L\u00e0 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ch\u00e2n l\u00fd qua vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn, ch\u00e1nh t\u01b0 duy, ch\u00e1nh kham nh\u1eabn, thanh l\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o tham, s\u00e2n, si\u2026<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nCh\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt lu\u00f4n d\u1ea1y con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp, chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. N\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5ng t\u1ed1i cao n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 n\u01a1i v\u1ecb \u1ea5y, th\u00ec h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y. N\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy\u00ean sinh \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ec3 thanh l\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00e0 l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c, th\u00ec h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh n\u01a1i ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nB\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu gi\u1ecfi, t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c trong v\u00f4 minh v\u00e0 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, th\u1ea5y B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 trong phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac trong kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, sen trong b\u00f9n, v\u00e0 hoa trong r\u00e1c, v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Trung \u0110\u1ea1o trong kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh \u00e9p x\u00e1c v\u00e0 trong tham \u0111\u1eafm d\u1ee5c l\u1ea1c. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00f9ng tu kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, 5 anh em c\u1ee7a A-nh\u00e3 Ki\u1ec1u-tr\u1ea7n-nh\u01b0, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ecfi, kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Trung \u0110\u1ea1o, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o nh\u01b0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t n\u01a1i t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nV\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kham nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c, v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, ch\u00e2n l\u00fd Kh\u1ed5 (Dukkha<\/em>), v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a kh\u1ed5 \u0111au (Dukkha nirodha g\u0101mini patipad\u0101 ariya sacca<\/em>). Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Trung \u0110\u1ea1o (Majjhim\u0101 pa\u1e6dipad\u0101<\/em>) bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee9c m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u201cTh\u1ea5y Bi\u1ebft Ch\u00e2n Ch\u00e1nh, T\u01b0 Duy Ch\u00e2n Ch\u00e1nh, N\u00f3i N\u0103ng Ch\u00e2n Ch\u00e1nh, H\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed9ng Ch\u00e2n Ch\u00e1nh, Ngh\u1ec1 Nghi\u1ec7p Ch\u00e2n Ch\u00e1nh, Si\u00eang N\u0103ng Ch\u00e2n Ch\u00e1nh, Nh\u1edb Ngh\u0129 Ch\u00e2n Ch\u00e1nh, v\u00e0 Chuy\u00ean T\u00e2m Ch\u00e2n Ch\u00e1nh.\u201d \u1ede kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ngh\u0129a \u0111en, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xa l\u1ed9 c\u00f3 t\u00e1m l\u00e0n xe h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh v\u1edbi b\u00f3ng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng h\u1eefu \u00edch gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111i l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. \u1ede kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ngh\u0129a b\u00f3ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m t\u00e1m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp r\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh, h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 cho c\u1ea3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. N\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng nhau \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00fang ph\u00e1p, th\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng hoa tr\u00e1i an vui v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c cho s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y. <\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nTr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y. Ti\u1ebfp theo, ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a ma qu\u00e2n. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ma thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh; qu\u00e2n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng. Theo gi\u00e1o l\u00fd \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, ma qu\u00e2n d\u1ee5 cho nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c trong th\u00e2n v\u00e0 trong t\u00e2m ta. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0, m\u1ecfi m\u1ec7t, bi\u1ebfng nh\u00e1c, gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3i, ph\u00f3ng t\u00fang, bu\u00f4ng lung, do d\u1ef1, n\u00e3n ch\u00ed, tho\u00e1i lui, tham lam, s\u00e2n gi\u1eadn, si m\u00ea, b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u1eadn th\u00f9, v.v\u2026, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp kh\u00ed ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c. Ch\u00e1nh kham nh\u1eabn, tinh t\u1ea5n, d\u00f5ng m\u00e3nh, ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1c, s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng, khoan dung, \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, an l\u1ea1c, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c, v.v\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp kh\u00ed t\u00edch c\u1ef1c.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nL\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c, ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong ta t\u1eeb gi\u1edd n\u00e0y sang gi\u1edd kh\u00e1c, t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y sang ng\u00e0y kh\u00e1c, t\u1eeb tu\u1ea7n n\u00e0y sang tu\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c, t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng n\u00e0y sang th\u00e1ng kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u0103m n\u00e0y sang n\u0103m kh\u00e1c. Tu t\u1eadp l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta thanh l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tinh chuy\u00ean, ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c. Khi ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c trong ta d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a, c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 trong ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n b\u00e0y. <\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nNg\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi ch\u00fang ta tu t\u1eadp Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ecfi, h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong ta s\u1ebd b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t d\u1ea7n, h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c trong ta t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng nhanh, Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 trong ta s\u1ebd b\u1ecb lu m\u1edd v\u00e0 che khu\u1ea5t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p gi\u1ecfi th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd g\u1eb7t h\u00e1i hoa tr\u00e1i an vui v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ecfi ho\u1eb7c tu h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p lai rai th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd g\u1eb7t h\u00e1i hoa tr\u00e1i an vui v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac r\u1ea5t \u00edt. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, an vui, v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac trong t\u1eebng ph\u00fat, t\u1eebng gi\u1edd, t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y, v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nTheo \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1ea9n d\u1ee5, ma qu\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1i t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed1 k\u1ef5, k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb, s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ecfi b\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 s\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n m\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng tu t\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c tu t\u1eadp ch\u00fat ch\u00fat, th\u00ec ma qu\u00e2n trong v\u1ecb \u1ea5y d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp tinh chuy\u00ean, th\u00ec ma qu\u00e2n trong v\u1ecb \u1ea5y bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nKhi sao Mai v\u1eeba m\u1ecdc, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp tinh chuy\u00ean, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng ma qu\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00e0 t\u1eadp kh\u00ed ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c trong Ng\u00e0i. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1eebng s\u00e1ng, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac trong ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 tha nh\u00e2n ngay t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nQua c\u00e1c \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh; v\u1eefng ch\u00e3i v\u00e0 th\u1ea3nh th\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh; an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec3u, ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc, ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u00e1p l\u1ea1c, ph\u00e1p ho\u1eb1ng, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p h\u1ed9 \u0111i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a. Xuy\u00ean qua ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh, ng\u00e0i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\n\u1ede \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng, khi m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh ra \u0111\u1eddi, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1eaft, tai, m\u0169i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i, th\u00e2n, v\u00e0 \u00fd, th\u00ec c\u1ea3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u vui. Khi v\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u1edbn l\u00ean, h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1t, th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0103n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 l\u1eadp gia th\u1ea5t, th\u00ec t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng vui, m\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i hai b\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb \u1ea5y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u vui. Nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf gian. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf gian, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a, con xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian, \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, ch\u00e2n l\u00fd kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a kh\u1ed5 \u0111au d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ed9i c\u00e2y B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 (Bodhi) t\u1ea1i B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1-\u0111\u1ea1o-tr\u00e0ng (Bodhgaya) kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 589 tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ecbch. \u1ede th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh tr\u00ean qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c, t\u1eeb bi, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 an l\u1ea1c t\u1eeb n\u01a1i ng\u00e0i.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\n\u201cB\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a,<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nquy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u0111i xu\u1ea5t gia,<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nan tr\u00fa vui thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh,<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c,<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh,<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t,<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y cho ch\u00fang sanh,<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0111i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nb\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9,<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nb\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p,<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nb\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng T\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nc\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng tu t\u1eadp,<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nnh\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an vui.\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nTheo c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt s\u01a1 sinh, th\u00e1i t\u1eed T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a, hay B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a, \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy\u00ean sinh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 h\u1ee3p (Sanskrit prat\u012btyasamutp\u0101da<\/em>; Pali paticcasamupp\u0101da<\/em>). Xuy\u00ean qua vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp ch\u00e1nh tinh t\u1ea5n, kham nh\u1eabn, v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a t\u00ecm ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 n\u01a1i t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n, gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho tha nh\u00e2n. Do v\u1eady, khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y sinh ra, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng d\u00e2n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i ho\u00e0ng gia t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh Ca-t\u1ef3-la-v\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc N\u00ea-pan (Nepal) ng\u00e0y nay, vui m\u1eebng, m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi ch\u00fang sinh tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp h\u00e0nh tinh c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u vui m\u1eebng.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nC\u00f3 hai l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh sau \u0111\u00e2y: Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, vua T\u1ecbnh Ph\u1ea1n (Suddhodana<\/em>) v\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Ma Da (M\u0101y\u0101dev\u012b<\/em>), l\u00fac tr\u00ean 40 tu\u1ed5i, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 con \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. C\u1ea3 vua v\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ebfn t\u1eb7ng cho tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00fd nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0nh, \u00fd ngh\u0129 l\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i l\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, t\u1eeb bi, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, an vui, v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nNg\u00e0y nay, v\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m tin ch\u00e1nh t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Tam B\u1ea3o, nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 duy\u00ean l\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc, hi\u1ec3u, d\u1ea1y d\u1ed7, h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec, v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, th\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ebfn t\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh, cho t\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7n, cho d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 cho c\u1ea3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Khi hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng thanh b\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, v\u00e0 c\u00f5i c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1c ngay t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nTh\u1ee9 hai, sau khi th\u00e1i t\u1eed T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a sinh ra, nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi m\u1eddi c\u1ee7a vua T\u1ecbnh-ph\u1ea1n (Suddhodana<\/em>), ti\u00ean A-t\u01b0-\u0111\u00e0 (Asita<\/em>) v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft Ki\u1ec1u-tr\u1ea7n-nh\u01b0, hai v\u1ecb \u1ea9n s\u0129 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, th\u1ec9nh v\u00e0o tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Ca-t\u1ef3-la-v\u1ec7 (P\u00e0li. Kapilavatthu<\/em> Ph\u1ea1n. Kapilavastu<\/em>) \u0111\u1ec3 xem t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai cho th\u00e1i t\u1eed. C\u1ea3 hai v\u1ecb c\u00f9ng ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng khi l\u1edbn l\u00ean, th\u00e1i t\u1eed ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd t\u1eeb b\u1ecf con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vua, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t gia, ng\u1ed9 l\u00fd v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho nh\u00e2n sinh.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nTh\u1eadt v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ti\u00ean A-t\u01b0-\u0111\u00e0 v\u00e0 A-nh\u00e3 Ki\u1ec1u-tr\u1ea7n-nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri duy nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, sau n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt. V\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 tu, t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, t\u1ef1 ng\u1ed9, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tha, th\u00e1i t\u1eed T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a l\u1edbn l\u00ean, ng\u1ed9 l\u00fd v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1eeb gi\u1ea3 ho\u00e0ng cung, quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m xu\u1ea5t gia, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt, hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni (Sakyamuni Buddha<\/em>). Trong ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n, Muni<\/em> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng, Sakya<\/em> thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng t\u1ed9c ho\u00e0ng gia; Sakyamuni<\/em> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1ecb hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd Th\u00edch-ca. Buddha c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c vi\u00ean m\u00e3n. V\u1eady Sakyamuni<\/em> Buddha c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00e0 v\u00f4 minh, s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ra \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, \u0111em hoa tr\u00e1i t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh cho ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi ch\u00fang sinh tr\u00ean qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nV\u1edbi h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 trong nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi, v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh trong nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp, khi B\u1ed3 -t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, t\u1eeb bi, v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong kh\u1eafp nh\u00e2n gian. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, kh\u00f4ng k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai c\u1ea3. Nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 duy\u00ean l\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec, v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chuy\u00ean c\u1ea7n, ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m, v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c, th\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u1eb7t h\u00e1i nh\u1eefng hoa tr\u00e1i an vui v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt hi\u1ebfm th\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nT\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, qua nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 tu ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a. Khi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt, b\u1eadc gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u00e1nh xe ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh cho s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u1eafp c\u00f5i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nNg\u00e0y nay, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. N\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1, th\u00ec n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi an tr\u00fa v\u1eefng ch\u00e3i trong \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c, v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia giai c\u1ea5p. N\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1, th\u00ec n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n ra. N\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t, th\u00ec n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd g\u00e2y ra chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o cho b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, n\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t, th\u00ec n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, d\u00e2n ch\u00fang, l\u00e0ng x\u00f3m kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh b\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 mu\u00f4n th\u00fa \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00ean vui, b\u1edfi l\u1ebd c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n gi\u00e1o l\u00fd gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, t\u1eeb, bi, v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh<\/span>. Khi hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng nhau g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111em l\u1ea1i an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c cho s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nK\u00ednh ch\u00fac Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u an vui v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac trong \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
Nam M\u00f4 B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\nBy Th\u00edch Tr\u1eebng S\u1ef9<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/en\/light-of-enlightenment-through-bodhisattva-siddharthas-vision\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n
.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

[1]<\/a> B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t (Bodhisattva<\/em>) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y trong Tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 (Digh\u0101\u00a0Nik\u0101ya<\/em>), Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed5n (Mah\u0101pad\u0101na Sutta<\/em>),\u00a0 Ph\u1ea7n I, s\u1ed1 18, 19, 20\u2026 30.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

[2]<\/a><\/span><\/strong> http:\/\/dhammacakkhu.blogspot.com\/p\/uc-phat-hien-than-cua-hoa-binh-nguoc.html<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

[3]<\/a>http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Four_Noble_Truths#Fourth_truth:_path_to_the_cessation_of_dukkha<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

[4]<\/a><\/span><\/strong>http:\/\/dhammacakkhu.blogspot.com\/p\/lich-su-uc-phat-thich-ca-mau-ni-tom-tat.html<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Thich Tr\u1eebng S\u1ef9 \u00c1NH S\u00c1NG GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8 QUA C\u00c1I NH\u00ccN C\u1ee6A B\u1ed2-T\u00c1T T\u1ea4T-\u0110\u1ea0T-\u0110A X\u01b0a v\u00e0 nay, trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ecdc mu\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kham nh\u1eabn, n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c, tu, […]\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":14123,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1,180,153,169,161],"tags":[688,689],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14120"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14120"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14120\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14130,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14120\/revisions\/14130"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14123"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14120"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14120"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14120"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}