{"id":6432,"date":"2020-08-22T00:08:51","date_gmt":"2020-08-21T17:08:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/?p=6432"},"modified":"2020-08-22T00:14:29","modified_gmt":"2020-08-21T17:14:29","slug":"thay-biet-nhu-that-va-thay-tanh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/thay-biet-nhu-that-va-thay-tanh\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ea5y Bi\u1ebft Nh\u01b0 Th\u1eadt v\u00e0 Th\u1ea5y T\u00e1nh"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe t\u1edbi nh\u00f3m ch\u1eef \u201ctri ki\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt.\u201d T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0: \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y g\u00ec v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt? Th\u00eam n\u1eefa, hai ch\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5 n\u00f3i trong Thi\u1ec1n s\u1eed l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ea5y t\u00e1nh\u201d c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 g\u00ec t\u1edbi th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean, tri ki\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5y xanh l\u00e0 xanh, hay th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ecf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecf, v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ch\u1ee9ng lo\u1ea1n s\u1eafc hay ch\u1ee9ng m\u00f9 m\u00e0u s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u00eam n\u1eefa, ch\u1eef \u201cth\u1ea5y\u201d (ki\u1ebfn) trong nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef \u201cth\u1ea5y\u201d cho ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c ch\u1eef: qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t, qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 t\u1eeb tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, ch\u1eef \u201cth\u1ea5y\u201d c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eadn r\u00f5 b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7\u201d (insight).<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1eadn: c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t t\u00f9y theo nghi\u1ec7p. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00ecn d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang sinh ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7 nh\u00ecn s\u00f4ng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u00e1u. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 khi, c\u1ea3nh (c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y) chuy\u1ec3n theo nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u01a1m bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh than h\u1ed3ng: truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft B\u1eafc T\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng khi ng\u00e0i M\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec1n Li\u00ean d\u00e2ng c\u01a1m cho m\u1eb9, b\u00e0 Thanh \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0a tay b\u1ed1c \u0103n, c\u01a1m v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn mi\u1ec7ng li\u1ec1n ho\u00e1 than h\u1ed3ng; do v\u1eady, b\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3i kh\u00e1t c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1c truy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7 s\u1ef1 c\u0169ng k\u1ec3, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng H\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb Hy m\u00e3 l\u1ea1p s\u01a1n khi ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7 l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u00e1u. Do v\u1eady, th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft, hay tri ki\u1ebfn, c\u0169ng d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t do nghi\u1ec7p. V\u00e0 th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 khi kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m ch\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec \u201cth\u1ea5y\u201d c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ra\u201d cho n\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft t\u00e2m, n\u00ean mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/strong>, ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/strong>. V\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng khi hai nh\u00f3m ch\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a. V\u00ec th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn ra sau khi qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn qua m\u1eaft (ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh, hay ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e2n, nh\u01b0: nh\u00e0, c\u1eeda, m\u00e2y, n\u00fai\u2026), m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng m\u1eaft t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t n\u1ed9i th\u00e2n (nh\u01b0: tim, gan, t\u1ee7y, th\u1eadn\u2026).<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Kinh MN 28, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Minh Ch\u00e2u, ghi l\u1eddi ng\u00e0i S\u0101riputta thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7n qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t ngo\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi (ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e2n) v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i gi\u1edbi (n\u1ed9i th\u00e2n) \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00f4i, c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i\u201d v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 sinh t\u00e2m y\u1ec3m ly, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf. Tr\u00edch:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cCh\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi? C\u00f3 n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi, c\u00f3 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi. Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi? C\u00e1i g\u00ec thu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i th\u00e2n, thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, th\u00f4 ph\u00f9, ki\u00ean c\u1ee9ng, b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7, nh\u01b0 t\u00f3c, l\u00f4ng, m\u00f3ng, r\u0103ng, da, th\u1ecbt, g\u00e2n, x\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ee7y, th\u1eadn, tim, gan, ho\u00e0nh c\u00e1ch m\u00f4, l\u00e1 l\u00e1ch, ph\u1ed5i, ru\u1ed9t, m\u00e0ng ru\u1ed9t, bao t\u1eed, ph\u00e2n, v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 v\u1eadt g\u00ec kh\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i th\u00e2n, thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, th\u00f4 ph\u00f9, ki\u00ean c\u1ee9ng, b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7. Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thu\u1ed9c ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi<\/strong> v\u1edbi ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cC\u00e1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, c\u00e1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00f4i, c\u00e1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i\u201d. Sau khi nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t<\/strong> \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y sanh y\u1ec3m ly \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi, t\u00e2m t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi<\/em>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9c l\u00e0, th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y ph\u00e1p \u1ea5n V\u00f4 ng\u00e3 (c\u1ea3 ngo\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi, n\u1ed9i gi\u1edbi). Qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi th\u1ee7y, h\u1ecfa, phong\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng mu\u1ed1n qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n. Trong T\u1ea1p A H\u00e0m, Kinh SA 65, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng mu\u1ed1n qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng trong t\u00e2m, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, theo b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a hai Th\u1ea7y Tu\u1ec7 S\u1ef9, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng:<\/span><\/p>\n

“N\u00ean lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n tu t\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thi\u1ec1n t\u01b0, cho trong t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec T\u1ef3 kheo lu\u00f4n tu t\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thi\u1ec1n t\u01b0, th\u00ec trong t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng, n\u00ean qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/strong>. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt? \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1eafc, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc; \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a \u2026\u2026 th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u2026\u2026 th\u1ee9c.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc? s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c? Ph\u00e0m phu ngu si v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ecd kh\u1ed5, vui, kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ed5-kh\u00f4ng vui, kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/strong> r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a th\u1ecd, s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn c\u1ee7a th\u1ecd, v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt c\u1ee7a th\u1ecd, s\u1ef1 tai h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ecd, s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t ly c\u1ee7a th\u1ecd. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/strong>, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ecd l\u1ea1i \u01b0a th\u00edch tham \u0111\u1eafm m\u00e0 sanh ra ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7, v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 duy\u00ean h\u1eefu, h\u1eefu duy\u00ean sanh, sanh duy\u00ean l\u00e3o, b\u1ec7nh, t\u1eed, \u01b0u, bi, kh\u1ed5, n\u00e3o; kh\u1ed1i l\u1edbn \u0111au kh\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u1eeb t\u1eadp m\u00e0 sanh. \u00d0\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc. \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c<\/em>.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu s\u1ebd d\u1eabn t\u1edbi th\u1ea5y sinh, th\u1ea5y di\u1ec7t, th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt c\u1ee7a ng\u0169 u\u1ea9n (s\u1eafc, th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c), th\u1ea5y tai h\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i ly tham. Th\u1ea5y sinh, th\u1ea5y di\u1ec7t\u2026 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y ph\u00e1p \u1ea5n V\u00f4 Th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t Kinh kh\u00e1c cho bi\u1ebft, h\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i d\u1eabn t\u1edbi y\u1ec3m ly; ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, n\u1ebfu c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt. Trung A H\u00e0m, Kinh MA 43, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Tu\u1ec7 S\u1ef9, ghi l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y ng\u00e0i A Nan v\u1ec1 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh tri ki\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/strong> tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi y\u1ec3m ly, v\u00f4 d\u1ee5c, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t tri ki\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00e0y A-nan, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn, nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e2n hoan, nh\u00e2n h\u00e2n hoan m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ef7, nh\u00e2n h\u1ef7 m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9, nh\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1c, nh\u00e2n l\u1ea1c m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00e0y A-nan, \u0110a v\u0103n Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/strong> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 tri ki\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/strong>, nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 tri ki\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f3 y\u1ebfm ly<\/strong>, nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 y\u1ebfm ly m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 d\u1ee5c<\/strong>, nh\u00e2n v\u00f4 d\u1ee5c m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/strong>, nh\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t m\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t tri ki\u1ebfn, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/strong> r\u1eb1ng: \u2018S\u1ef1 sanh \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ee9t, ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eefng, vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m xong, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1i sanh n\u1eefa\u2019<\/em>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Kinh SA 41 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt: th\u1ea5y s\u1eafc (th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c) l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5, l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch, l\u00e0 tai h\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ly tham. B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a hai Th\u1ea7y Tu\u1ec7 S\u1ef9, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng, tr\u00edch:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt tri<\/strong> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tai h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc? S\u1eafc l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u1ed5, l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch. \u0110\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tai h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt tri<\/strong> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tai h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt tri<\/strong> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t ly s\u1eafc? \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1eafc m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ee5c tham, \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ee5c tham, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua kh\u1ecfi d\u1ee5c tham. \u0110\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t ly s\u1eafc. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt tri<\/strong> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t ly s\u1eafc.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu Sa-m\u00f4n, B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n n\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1eafc m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt, th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/strong>; do bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt, th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/strong>, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1eafc sanh y\u1ec3m ly, ly d\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u1eadu, t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ea7n nh\u1ee9t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ea7n nh\u1ee9t, th\u00ec ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb ai kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf. \u0110\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bi\u00ean t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed5. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<\/em>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn tr\u00ean cho bi\u1ebft, th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5n V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3, V\u00f4 Th\u01b0\u1eddng, Kh\u1ed5. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y T\u1ee9 Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ebf. Trong Kinh AN 3.133, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1eafn cung, T\u1ef3 kheo gi\u1ecfi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i b\u1eafn xa, b\u1eafn nh\u01b0 ch\u1edbp nho\u00e1ng v\u00e0 b\u1eafn th\u1ee7ng v\u00f4 minh. B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Minh Ch\u00e2u, th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 s\u1eafc th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c, tr\u00edch:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u00e0 n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 T\u1ef7-kheo b\u1eafn xa<\/strong>? \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, T\u1ef7-kheo ph\u00e0m c\u00f3 s\u1eafc g\u00ec, qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, v\u1ecb lai, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed9i hay ngo\u1ea1i, ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4 hay t\u1ebf, ho\u1eb7c li\u1ec7t hay th\u1eafng, ho\u1eb7c xa hay g\u1ea7n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1eafc, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/strong> v\u1edbi ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 r\u1eb1ng: \u201cC\u00e1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, c\u00e1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00f4i, c\u00e1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i\u201d. (t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 T\u1ef7-kheo b\u1eafn nh\u01b0 ch\u1edbp nho\u00e1ng<\/strong>? \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, T\u1ef7-kheo nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt tu\u1ec7 tri<\/strong>: \u201c\u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5\u201d, nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt tu\u1ec7 tri<\/strong>: \u201c\u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 t\u1eadp\u201d; nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt tu\u1ec7 tri<\/strong>: \u201c\u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 di\u1ec7t\u201d; nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt tu\u1ec7 tri<\/strong>: \u201c\u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed5 di\u1ec7t\u201d; Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, l\u00e0 T\u1ef7-kheo b\u1eafn nh\u01b0 ch\u1edbp nho\u00e1ng.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ea5y r\u1ed7ng rang v\u00f4-t\u1ef1-ng\u00e3 c\u1ea3 trong l\u1eabn ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 n\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi: Nh\u00f3m Kinh Nh\u1eadt T\u1ee5ng S\u01a1 Th\u1eddi c\u00f3 Kinh Sn 5.14 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ai th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3 trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/strong>. Trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00eau ra l\u00e0: c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p? Th\u1ea5y Kh\u00f4ng c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y Ph\u00e1p Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi. L\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra, v\u00ec c\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3, n\u00ean c\u00e1i kia c\u00f3. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u00e0n nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f3 ch\u1ebb c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n ra l\u00e0m tr\u0103m m\u1ea3nh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u duy\u00ean (ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n, t\u00e0i n\u0103ng, h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e0n nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, g\u1ed7 r\u1eebng c\u01b0a v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e0n, d\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe\u2026). Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 duy\u00ean, ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n l\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh SA 293, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a hai Th\u1ea7y Tu\u1ec7 S\u1ef9, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng vi\u1ebft: \u201cTa v\u00ec c\u00e1c T\u1ef3-kheo n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p t\u00f9y thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc Hi\u1ec1n th\u00e1nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi Kh\u00f4ng. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 n\u00ean c\u00e1i kia c\u00f3, c\u00e1i n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi n\u00ean c\u00e1i kia kh\u1edfi\u2026<\/em>\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y V\u00f4 ng\u00e3, th\u1ea5y V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1ea5y T\u1ee9 Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ebf, th\u1ea5y Kh\u00f4ng, th\u1ea5y Ph\u00e1p Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0, h\u1ec5 c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00f3 ta, c\u00f3 ai \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/strong>. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u00fang sanh n\u00e0o — n\u00f3i theo Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3: th\u1ea5y ph\u00e1p, th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n t\u00e2m, th\u1ea5y th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng, th\u1ea5y th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng, th\u1ea5y t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh, th\u1ea5y t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/strong>\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Do v\u1eady, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 th\u00e2n t\u00e2m n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u0111ang ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft<\/strong>. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eafc, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i hay v\u1ecb lai. N\u00f3i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 n\u00f3i theo \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee9c tri. N\u00f3i g\u1ecdn l\u00e0, th\u1ea5y nghe hay bi\u1ebft. Kinh SN 35.23, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Minh Ch\u00e2u ghi l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, Ta s\u1ebd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. H\u00e3y l\u1eafng nghe. V\u00e0 n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3? M\u1eaft v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1eafc; tai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfng; m\u0169i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u01a1ng; l\u01b0\u1ee1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb; th\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c x\u00fac; \u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, ai n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cSau khi t\u1eeb b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u00e0y, ta s\u1ebd tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 (m\u1ed9t) t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c\u201d, th\u1eddi l\u1eddi n\u00f3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 khoa ng\u00f4n. V\u00e0 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh g\u00ec. V\u00e0 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o \u00e1ch n\u1ea1n. V\u00ec sao? N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ra ngo\u00e0i gi\u1edbi v\u1ee9c (avisaya) c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y<\/em>!\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111an xen nhau, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang sanh (nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7 th\u1ea5y S\u00f4ng H\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 s\u00f4ng m\u00e1u). Trong Lu\u1eadn th\u01b0 Niddesa, c\u00f3 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t (Sariputta), nhan \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cGuhatthaka-suttaniddeso: Upon the Tip of a Needle<\/em>\u201d m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft qua c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc th\u1eddi gian, y nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1eb7t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t m\u0169i kim.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd vi\u1ebft theo v\u0103n xu\u00f4i cho d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc, d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng, ni\u1ec1m vui, n\u1ed7i \u0111au \u0111\u1ec1u bu\u1ed9c chung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u00f4i \u0111i. Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb phi nh\u01a1n s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u t\u1edbi 84 ng\u00e0n t\u1ef7 n\u0103m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2 kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u00e0o trong t\u00e2m y h\u1ec7t nhau. C\u00e1i ng\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft hay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c u\u1ea9n, khi bi\u1ebfn \u0111i l\u00e0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111ang bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edbng y h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Khi kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c g\u00ec n\u1eefa, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sinh ra; ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng. Khi \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u0129a t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u1ebft ngay khi t\u00e2m ng\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 sinh ra trong \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng y h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i kim. S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hoan ngh\u00eanh, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc tan r\u00e3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi ban s\u01a1. T\u1eeb n\u01a1i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y, c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n ra v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 khi ch\u00fang \u0111ang tr\u00f4i \u0111i v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Y h\u1ec7t tia ch\u1edbp tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi: t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i bi\u1ebfn h\u1eb3n \u0111i.\u201d<\/em> (1)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ec5 ai th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu l\u01a1 l\u1eedng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i kim, s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y ngay \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 S\u1eafc hay Kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 C\u00f3 hay Kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 Sinh hay Di\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 S\u1ed1ng hay Ch\u1ebft. H\u1ec5 m\u1edf mi\u1ec7ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 tr\u1ec5. T\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta n\u00eau l\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba: Ph\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/strong> hay Ph\u00e1p T\u00e1nh<\/strong> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft n\u00e0y?<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 hai th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi: Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ebf v\u00e0 T\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ebf. G\u1ecdi t\u1eaft t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Nh\u1ecb \u0110\u1ebf. Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ebf l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n, Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n Di\u1ec7u T\u00e2m, nhi\u1ec1u kinh kh\u00e1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt T\u00e1nh. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, T\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ebf l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, l\u00e0 trong v\u00f2ng xoay chuy\u1ec3n duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi. Nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1eadn s\u01b0 Nam T\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn T\u1ee9 Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ebf (Kh\u1ed5, T\u1eadp, Di\u1ec7t, \u0110\u1ea1o) v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn quan \u0111i\u1ec3m Nh\u1ecb \u0110\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai tri\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba v\u1ec1 sau; l\u00fd lu\u1eadn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00e0, Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u201ct\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh\u201d b\u1ecb suy di\u1ec5n h\u00e0m ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201ct\u1ef1 ng\u00e3\u201d (\u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e3\u201d hi\u1ec3u theo \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o) v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf tr\u00e1i gi\u00e1o l\u00fd \u201cv\u00f4 ng\u00e3\u201d do \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y (th\u1ef1c ra, T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng do Long Th\u1ecd n\u00eau l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 C\u00f3 hay Kh\u00f4ng). B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd tranh lu\u1eadn, s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 n\u00eau ra c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m chung trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng hai t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i Nam Truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Truy\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m chung n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong Thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ra sao (nh\u01b0 trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng Trung Hoa v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam).<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u theo ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ed1t t\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a l\u00fd lu\u1eadn Trung \u0110\u1ea1o, t\u00f3m g\u1ecdn trong l\u00fd \u201cb\u00e1t b\u1ea5t\u201d (8 c\u00e1i Kh\u00f4ng: B\u1ea5t sinh b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t, b\u1ea5t \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t d\u1ecb, b\u1ea5t kh\u1ee9 b\u1ea5t lai). L\u00fd b\u00e1t b\u1ea5t d\u1eabn ra t\u1eeb Kinh SN 12.15, khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y ng\u00e0i Kacc\u00e0yanagotta, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Th\u1ea7y Minh Ch\u00e2u:<\/span><\/p>\n

“N\u00e0y Kacc\u0101yana, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn y ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0o hai c\u1ef1c \u0111oan n\u00e0y: c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. N\u00e0y Kacc\u0101yana, ai v\u1edbi ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 ch\u01a1n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. N\u00e0y Kacc\u0101yana, ai v\u1edbi ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 ch\u01a1n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u00f3. (…) \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3\u201d, n\u00e0y Kacc\u0101yana, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1c \u0111oan. \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3\u201d l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan th\u1ee9 hai. Xa l\u00eca hai c\u1ef1c \u0111oan \u1ea5y, n\u00e0y Kacc\u0101yana, Nh\u01b0 Lai thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p theo trung \u0111\u1ea1o<\/em>.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Trung Hoa v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y qua c\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh dung v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh: t\u00e1nh n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecdt s\u00f3ng; t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, t\u00e1nh v\u00e0ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eabn, thoa, v\u00f2ng, xuy\u1ebfn; t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, t\u00e1nh g\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ebf, t\u00e1nh [\u01b0\u1edbt c\u1ee7a] n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00e1nh [qu\u00fd kim c\u1ee7a] v\u00e0ng, t\u00e1nh [chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a] n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t nh\u1ecb, l\u00e0 l\u00eca C\u00f3\/Kh\u00f4ng, l\u00eca m\u1ed9t\/nhi\u1ec1u, l\u00eca sinh\/di\u1ec7t, l\u00eca l\u1edbn\/nh\u1ecf, l\u00eca t\u1edbi\/\u0111i\u2026 Do v\u1eady, Kinh L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam n\u00f3i to\u00e0n t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh v\u00e0 to\u00e0n t\u00e1nh t\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edbng. Hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0, n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca s\u00f3ng, v\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca nh\u1eabn, g\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca \u1ea3nh. V\u00e0 do v\u1eady, Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca th\u1ebf gian.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 trong Kinh Udana 8.3, b\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c d\u1ef1a theo b\u1ea3n Anh d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Anandajoti:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e1c s\u01b0, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng sinh, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean. C\u00e1c s\u01b0, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng sinh, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1i sinh, c\u00e1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh, c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng sinh, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean cho n\u00ean c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1i sinh, c\u00e1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh, c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/em>.\u201d (2)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 y h\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00e1nh v\u00e0ng, t\u00e1nh g\u01b0\u01a1ng. Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ef1 T\u00e2m, hay T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh, hay Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n Di\u1ec7u T\u00e2m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ebf th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca T\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ebf. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, trong khi qu\u00fd ng\u00e0i Th\u00e1nh T\u0103ng an vui trong Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n h\u1eefu d\u01b0, v\u1edbi ni\u1ec7m v\u00f4 sinh di\u1ec7t, v\u1edbi t\u00e2m t\u1ecbch l\u1eb7ng, t\u00e2m l\u00eca nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean, t\u00e2m v\u00f4 t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c, th\u00ec ch\u00ednh qu\u00fd ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111i \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u1eb1m ng\u1ed3i trong c\u00f5i T\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ebf, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 ni\u1ec7m sinh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ni\u1ec7m di\u1ec7t (t\u1ee9c, ni\u1ec7m sinh di\u1ec7t). Hai th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca nhau, y h\u1ec7t n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca s\u00f3ng, v\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca \u1ea3nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hai th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u00e2n v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9 trong Kinh AN 10.7, khi ng\u00e0i X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ng\u00e0i A Nan, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Minh Ch\u00e2u, tr\u00edch:<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u2014N\u00e0y Hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 Ananda, m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i tr\u00fa \u1edf S\u00e0vatthi, trong r\u1eebng Andha. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 sau: Trong \u0111\u1ea5t, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t, trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi sau, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi sau. Tuy v\u1eady, t\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2014Nh\u01b0ng trong l\u00fac \u1ea5y, T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 S\u00e0riputta t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn g\u00ec?<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2014M\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong t\u00f4i: \u201cH\u1eefu di\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n\u201d. M\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c di\u1ec7t \u0111i trong t\u00f4i: \u201cH\u1eefu di\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n.\u201d V\u00ed nh\u01b0, n\u00e0y Hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3, l\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y t\u1eeb m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e1 nh\u1ecf, m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda kh\u00e1c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda kh\u00e1c di\u1ec7t \u0111i. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, n\u00e0y Hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3, m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong t\u00f4i, th\u01b0a Hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3: \u201cH\u1eefu di\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n.\u201d M\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c di\u1ec7t \u0111i trong t\u00f4i: \u201cH\u1eefu di\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n\u201d. Tuy v\u1eady, trong l\u00fac \u1ea5y t\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/em>.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3: T\u00e1nh v\u1edbi T\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1eb3ng l\u00eca nhau, Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00f5i Ta b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca nhau, h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi s\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi \u1ea3nh, v\u1eabn an vui Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n (b\u1ea5t sinh, b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t) trong khi v\u1eabn \u1ee9ng x\u1eed \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng (t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, t\u01b0\u1edfng di\u1ec7t \u0111i). Do v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 d\u1ea1y Th\u1ea5y T\u00e1nh, l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc nh\u00e2n th\u1ea5y t\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu sau. Th\u1ea5y T\u00e1nh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra m\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 r\u1eddi t\u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n t\u00e2m, ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec m\u00e2y v\u00f4 minh che khu\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e1ch \u201c\u0110\u1ea1t Ma T\u1ed5 S\u01b0 Lu\u1eadn – The Zen Teaching Of Bodhidharma<\/em>\u201d b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Ni s\u01b0 Th\u00edch N\u1eef Thu\u1ea7n B\u1ea1ch, trang 27 ghi l\u1eddi ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm Ph\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5y t\u00e1nh<\/strong>. T\u00e1nh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ea5y t\u00e1nh th\u00ec ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt, t\u1ee5ng kinh, tr\u00ec trai gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00f4 \u00edch. Ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3, t\u1ee5ng kinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng minh. Gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi, b\u1ed1 th\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1o, nh\u01b0ng t\u00ecm Ph\u1eadt tr\u1ecdn ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/em>.\u201d (3)<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong s\u00e1ch \u201cL\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam T\u00f4ng Th\u00f4ng \u2013 Quy\u1ec3n I<\/em>\u201d, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a\u00a0 Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Nh\u1eabn T\u1ebf, \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y n\u0103m 1997, n\u01a1i trang 51-52, ghi l\u1eddi Th\u00f4ng (d\u00f9ng Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u00edch Kinh L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam) vi\u1ebft:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKinh Vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u2018Ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb b\u1eadc \u0110\u1ed1n Gi\u00e1c, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng theo Ph\u00e1p M\u00f4n.\u2019 V\u1ed1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1p M\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed1n Ng\u1ed9, ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c Th\u1ea5y T\u00e1nh (Ki\u1ebfn T\u00e1nh) l\u00e0m T\u00f4ng. Cho n\u00ean, n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u00e1nh, th\u00ec V\u00f4 T\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n m\u00e0 Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n<\/strong>. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y T\u00e1nh, tuy h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1edbi c\u1ea3nh ma. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u2018Th\u1ea5y T\u00e1nh\u2019 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2018Di\u1ec7u\u2019 v\u1eady<\/em>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Do v\u1eady, c\u00e1c Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 Th\u1ea5y T\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n tu sau. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch d\u1ea1y kh\u00e1c nhau, tuy l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y c\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 cho h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t t\u00e2m. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1p Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 sang Trung Hoa theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma (~470-543) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e1p v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 (487-593), ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 sau n\u1ed1i ph\u00e1p cho t\u00f4ng n\u00e0y, trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00f4n phong c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho tr\u00f2 ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n nhi\u00ean t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. C\u0169ng n\u00ean ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng, nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t gia nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, t\u1eebng kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 B\u1eafc T\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Nam T\u00f4ng, n\u0103m 32 tu\u1ed5i, s\u01b0 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n, su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m t\u1ecda Thi\u1ec1n trong 8 n\u0103m, n\u0103m 40 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb thi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n ra b\u1ea3o \u0111i t\u00ecm ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma \u1edf Thi\u1ebfu L\u00e2m T\u1ef1 m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nghe m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1n ng\u1ed9, ng\u00e0i Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm h\u1ecdc t\u1edbi r\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f4i gi\u00e0y c\u1ecf, ng\u1ed3i t\u1edbi m\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ecda c\u1ee5; t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kinh lu\u1eadn h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u, kinh nghi\u1ec7m thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp c\u0169ng \u01b0u th\u1eafng, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. S\u00e1ch c\u1ed5 ghi r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 ch\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh tay \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o khi th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma c\u1ee9 m\u1ea3i ng\u1ed3i ng\u00f3 v\u00e1ch n\u00fai; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t tay h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec7n. Cu\u1ed9c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e1p ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i c\u00e2u, l\u00e0 s\u01b0 Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u1ed9, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t h\u1ebft c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0o t\u00e2m n\u00e0y. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u01b0 Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 n\u00f3i: “Con kh\u00f4ng an \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m, xin th\u1ea7y an t\u00e2m cho con.”<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma n\u00f3i: “\u0110\u01b0a t\u00e2m cho ta, ta s\u1ebd an cho.”<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u01b0 Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1p: “Con kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea3.”<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma n\u00f3i: “Ta \u0111\u00e3 an t\u00e2m cho con.” S\u01b0 Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 ngay \u0111\u00f3 li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u1ed9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta suy ngh\u0129 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3? C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng, ch\u00ednh ngay khi Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 \u201ckh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u00e2m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u h\u1ebft\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fat tham s\u00e2n si\u201d n\u00e0o trong t\u00e2m. V\u00e0 ngay khi nh\u00ecn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0i Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u201cth\u1ee9c v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/strong>\u201d hay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/strong>” (Trong Kinh DN 11, Thanissaro Bhikkhu d\u1ecbch l\u00e0: Consciousness without feature<\/strong>; Sujato Bhikkhu d\u1ecbch: Consciousness that\u2019s invisible<\/strong>; Hai h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 T.W. Davids v\u00e0 Leigh Brasington d\u1ecbch l\u00e0: Consciousness that is signless<\/strong>). C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 “th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng” v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y bao tr\u00f9m kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c c\u00f5i, kh\u00f4ng trong\/ngo\u00e0i, kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\/thi\u1ebfu, kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec7n\/\u00e1c<\/strong>… Nh\u00ecn sang T\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ebf, n\u01a1i tr\u00e1i ngh\u1ecbch s\u1ebd l\u00e0 “th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, hay th\u1ee9c sinh di\u1ec7t” (Trong Kinh DN 11, Thanissaro d\u1ecbch g\u1ecdn l\u00e0: consciousness; hai h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Davids, Brasington d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1edf ngo\u1eb7c vu\u00f4ng: vi\u00f1\u00f1\u0101\u1e47a [divided-knowing]).<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9, Kinh DN 11 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng khi b\u1ea1n s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi t\u00e2m v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng, hay t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n. V\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u00f4 bi\u00ean, l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00f4ng h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y x\u1ee9<\/strong>, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i “danh, s\u1eafc di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn” v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t (khi th\u1ee9c-ph\u00e2n-bi\u1ec7t di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c v\u00f4-ph\u00e2n-bi\u1ec7t di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn trong Kinh AN 10.7, khi ng\u00e0i X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ng\u00e0i A Nan v\u1ec1 Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca T\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ebf).<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00edch l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y trong Kinh DN 11, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Minh Ch\u00e2u:<\/span><\/p>\n

“N\u00e0y T\u1ef7-kheo, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cCh\u1ed7 n\u00e0o m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea1i, th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ea1i, h\u1ecfa \u0111\u1ea1i, phong \u0111\u1ea1i, d\u00e0i ng\u1eafn, t\u1ebf, th\u00f4, t\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9ng? Ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o c\u1ea3 danh v\u00e0 s\u1eafc ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n?\u201d v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ee9c <\/strong>l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, v\u00f4 bi\u00ean, bi\u1ebfn th\u00f4ng h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y x\u1ee9. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea1i, th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ea1i, h\u1ecfa \u0111\u1ea1i, phong \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9ng. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, c\u0169ng v\u1eady d\u00e0i, ng\u1eafn, t\u1ebf, th\u00f4, t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y danh v\u00e0 s\u1eafc ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Khi th\u1ee9c<\/strong> di\u1ec7t, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn<\/em>\u201d. (Ghi ch\u00fa: 2 ch\u1eef “th\u1ee9c” trong \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 2 ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c nhau.)<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n Anh v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Kinh DN 11 do 2 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 T.W. Davids v\u00e0 Leigh Brasington d\u1ecbch \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i n\u00eau tr\u00ean r\u1eb1ng: \u00a0\u201cConsciousness that is signless, limitless, all-illuminating, \/ Then water, earth, fire, & wind find no footing, \/ Then long & short, small & large, pleasant & unpleasant -\/ Then \u201cname-&-form\u201d are all brought to an end.\/ With the cessation of vi\u00f1\u00f1\u0101\u1e47a [divided-knowing] all this is brought to an end<\/em>.\u2019\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n Anh v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Kinh DN 11 do Sujato d\u1ecbch l\u00e0: \u201cConsciousness that\u2019s invisible, infinite, radiant all round. Here\u2019s where water and earth, fire and air find no footing; here\u2019s where long and short, fine and coarse, beautiful and ugly; here\u2019s where name and form cease with nothing left over\u2014 with the cessation of consciousness, that\u2019s where this ceases<\/em>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/strong>, theo ngh\u0129a th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p? D\u1ecbch s\u00e1t ngh\u0129a \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u1eeba d\u1eabn, \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n Anh v\u0103n l\u00e0: \u201cTh\u1ee9c n\u00e0y v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/em><\/strong>, v\u00f4 bi\u00ean, chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea5t, l\u1eeda, gi\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9ng. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 d\u00e0i & ng\u1eafn, t\u1ebf & th\u00f4, \u0111\u1eb9p & x\u1ea5u; N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u00a0danh v\u00e0 s\u1eafc di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n — khi th\u1ee9c [ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t]<\/strong> di\u1ec7t, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn<\/em>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 \u0111\u1eddi sau th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh khi d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2. C\u00f3 v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0o c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh, b\u1ea3o h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 n\u00f3i xem l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec. C\u00f3 s\u01b0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u01b0ng c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7t sang n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c (ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: t\u1eeb C\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 qua Kh\u00f4ng). C\u00f3 s\u01b0 l\u1ea5y ch\u00e2n kh\u1ec1u cho c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh ng\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng. C\u00f3 s\u01b0 l\u1ea5y g\u1eady \u0111\u1eadp b\u1ec3 c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh. Ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t vi t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea7m r\u1eb1ng C\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng. Th\u1ef1c ra, Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 Trung \u0110\u1ea1o, r\u1eb1ng khi chi\u1ebfc b\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 ra, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 b\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu trong m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00ecnh<\/strong>. Khi \u0111\u01b0a b\u00ecnh sang ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c (hay l\u1eadt ng\u00e3, hay \u0111\u1eadp b\u1ec3) th\u00ec kho\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng gian b\u00ecnh v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00ecnh<\/strong>. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao tr\u00f9m trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00f4 t\u1eadn. Th\u1ea5y C\u00f3, th\u1ea5y Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5y t\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea5y th\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00ecnh dung c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y l\u1edbn v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1eadn, bao tr\u00f9m h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea5y b\u00fat ch\u00ec v\u1ebd l\u00ean gi\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc b\u00ecnh (t\u1ee9c, C\u00f3 b\u00ecnh). R\u1ed3i, ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea5y t\u1ea9y g\u00f4m s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c n\u00e9t b\u00fat ch\u00ec, th\u00ec ch\u1ed7 tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian chi\u1ebfc b\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch (t\u1ee9c, Kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh). Nh\u01b0ng C\u00f3 b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t trang gi\u1ea5y l\u1edbn v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1eadn c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Th\u1ea5y C\u00f3 b\u00ecnh tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y, th\u1ea5y Kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh n\u01a1i c\u00e1c v\u1ebft t\u1ea9y x\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5y t\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea5y th\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc g\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ee9c khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 C\u00f3 \u1ea3nh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y b\u01b0\u1edbc ra ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c, t\u1ee9c khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh. Nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea3 hai C\u00f3 \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao tr\u00f9m trong c\u00e1i Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 t\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a g\u01b0\u01a1ng. Th\u1ea5y C\u00f3 \u1ea3nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc g\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u1ea5y Kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5y t\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ec5 ai th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1eadn bao tr\u00f9m c\u1ea3 C\u00f3 v\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 Th\u1ea5y T\u00e1nh. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u1eb1m ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee3, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ee9 vi\u1ec7c, m\u00e0 v\u1eabn th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ta, th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fang sanh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Ph\u00e1p B\u1ea3o \u0110\u00e0n c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi ph\u00e1p Th\u1ea5y T\u00e1nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u00e0o c\u1eeda \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u00ed Hu\u1ec7, v\u00e0o c\u1eeda B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00e0o 84.000 c\u1eeda ph\u00e1p, hay l\u00e0 v\u00e0o 84.000 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n, v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, nghe, hay, bi\u1ebft (t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ed1 84.000) \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca T\u00e1nh n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ee5c T\u1ed5 Hu\u1ec7 N\u0103ng trong Ph\u1ea9m B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 c\u1ee7a Kinh Ph\u00e1p B\u1ea3o \u0110\u00e0n, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Th\u00edch Duy L\u1ef1c d\u1ecbch, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u00ed Hu\u1ec7, ph\u00e1 ng\u0169 u\u1ea9n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o tr\u1ea7n lao, tu h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed5i Tam \u0110\u1ed9c th\u00e0nh Gi\u1edbi, \u0110\u1ecbnh, Hu\u1ec7. Thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c, ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n n\u00e0y t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 m\u00e0 sanh ra t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0n tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7. T\u1ea1i sao v\u1eady? V\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0n tr\u1ea7n lao, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u1ea7n lao th\u00ec tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n, ch\u1eb3ng li\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m, v\u00f4 \u1ee9c (kh\u00f4ng ghi nh\u1edb), v\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi cu\u1ed3ng v\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p, d\u00f9ng tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfu soi, ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ea5y ch\u1eb3ng b\u1ecf, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ki\u1ebfn T\u00e1nh Th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt<\/strong>.<\/em>\u201d (4)<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, theo Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng, tri ki\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Th\u1ea5y T\u00e1nh. N\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a Th\u1ea5y T\u00e1nh, v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tu trong v\u1ecdng, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u00e0i g\u1ea1ch l\u00e0m g\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 ch\u00e2n ng\u1ee9a m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a tay g\u00e3i ngo\u00e0i gi\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

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GHI CH\u00da<\/strong><\/span>:<\/p>\n

(1) Guhatthaka-suttaniddeso: <\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.accesstoinsight.org\/tipitaka\/kn\/nm\/nm.2.04.olen.html<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(2) B\u1ea3n Anh d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Anandajoti: \u201cThere is, monks, an unborn, unbecome, unmade, unconditioned. If, monks there were not that unborn, unbecome, unmade, unconditioned, you could not know an escape here from the born, become, made, and conditioned. But because there is an unborn, unbecome, unmade, unconditioned, therefore you do know an escape from the born, become, made, and conditioned<\/em>.\u201d — https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/ud8.3\/en\/anandajoti<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(3) \u0110\u1ea1t Ma T\u1ed5 S\u01b0 Lu\u1eadn, trang 27: <\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/images\/file\/S0ELE6lS1AgQAJdA\/dat-ma-to-su-luan.pdf<\/a> \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(4) Kinh Ph\u00e1p B\u1ea3o \u0110\u00e0n: https:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/p16a682\/pham-bat-nha-thu-hai<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c \u00a0 Ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe t\u1edbi nh\u00f3m ch\u1eef \u201ctri ki\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt.\u201d T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0: \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y g\u00ec v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt? Th\u00eam n\u1eefa, hai ch\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5 n\u00f3i trong Thi\u1ec1n s\u1eed l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ea5y t\u00e1nh\u201d c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 g\u00ec t\u1edbi th\u1ea5y […]\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6434,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[159,187,273,192],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6432"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6432"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6432\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6436,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6432\/revisions\/6436"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6434"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6432"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6432"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6432"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}