{"id":6472,"date":"2020-09-02T03:29:48","date_gmt":"2020-09-01T20:29:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/?p=6472"},"modified":"2020-09-02T03:31:58","modified_gmt":"2020-09-01T20:31:58","slug":"niem-vo-niem-thoai-dau-va-hue-kha","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/niem-vo-niem-thoai-dau-va-hue-kha\/","title":{"rendered":"Ni\u1ec7m, V\u00f4 Ni\u1ec7m, Tho\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea7u v\u00e0 Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, d\u1ef1a theo l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5 s\u01b0. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0o; do v\u1eady, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng trong kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y t\u1eeb kinh lu\u1eadn, hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh (1)<\/strong> v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kinh: DN l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 Kinh, MN l\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9 Kinh, SN l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng B\u1ed9 Kinh, AN l\u00e0 T\u0103ng Chi B\u1ed9 Kinh, Sn l\u00e0 Kinh T\u1eadp trong Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9, Ud l\u00e0 Kinh Ph\u1eadt T\u1ef1 Thuy\u1ebft, SA l\u00e0 T\u1ea1p A H\u00e0m,<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong kinh lu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch sang ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u201ch\u00fd lu\u1eadn\u201d v\u00e0 c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00e2m phan duy\u00ean\u201d — ch\u1eef n\u00e0y g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfng Pali l\u00e0 \u201cPapanca\u201d v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u201ctr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng ra\u201d (to spread out), hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u201csuy ngh\u0129 lan man, ngh\u0129 ng\u1ee3i lung tung.\u201d Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ni\u1ec7m sinh kh\u1edfi nh\u01b0 kh\u1ec9 v\u01b0\u1ee3n chuy\u1ec1n c\u00e0nh v\u00e0 cho ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn ra th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c ni\u1ec7m ch\u1ed3ng th\u00eam l\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u1ea5y nghe nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng chi\u1ebfu qua l\u0103ng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ni\u1ec7m ch\u1eadp ch\u00f9ng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m h\u00f3a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi qua ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. Ch\u1eef \u201cv\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m\u201d trong Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u1ee1 b\u1ecf m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ee5p l\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng ni\u1ec7m\u201d hay \u201cng\u01b0ng ni\u1ec7m,\u201d v\u00ec ni\u1ec7m c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 an t\u00e2m v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi h\u00fd lu\u1eadn (papa\u00f1ca)? Theo nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Thanissaro Bhikkhu, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong ba b\u00e0i kinh v\u1ec1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn d\u1eabn t\u1edbi h\u00fd lu\u1eadn, tr\u00edch d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBa \u0111o\u1ea1n trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i kinh — DN 21, MN 18 v\u00e0 Sn 4.11 — v\u1ebd ra ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi g\u00e2y ra h\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 d\u1eabn l\u1ed1i t\u1eeb h\u00fd lu\u1eadn t\u1edbi xung \u0111\u1ed9t [trong t\u00e2m]. V\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch trong nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt v\u1ec1 duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi th\u01b0\u1eddng khong ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00f2ng quanh h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t nhau trong c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Trong Kinh DN 21, b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: \u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

— c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edfng & c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00fd lu\u1eadn > suy ngh\u0129 > tham \u00e1i > \u01b0a & gh\u00e9t > ganh t\u1ef5 & k\u1eb9o ki\u1ec7t > \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng & xung kh\u1eafc.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Kinh Sn 4:11, b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eb3ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ebd l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

— t\u01b0\u1edfng > c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00fd lu\u1eadn;<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

— t\u01b0\u1edfng > danh & s\u1eafc > x\u00fac > h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn & k\u00e9m h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn > tham \u00e1i > \u01b0a & gh\u00e9t > keo ki\u1ec7t\/chia r\u1ebd (b\u1ea5t h\u00f2a)\/tranh c\u00e3i\/g\u00e2y g\u1ed7.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Kinh MN 18, b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

— X\u00fac > th\u1ecd > t\u01b0\u1edfng > suy ngh\u0129 > c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edfng (kh\u1edfi l\u00ean) & c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/em>.\u201d (2)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh d\u1eabn t\u1edbi h\u00fd lu\u1eadn b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00f3 khi h\u00fd lu\u1eadn t\u1edbi ngay sau t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi ni\u1ec7m (suy ngh\u0129) v\u00e0 tham, nh\u01b0 trong Kinh DN 21. C\u00f3 khi ngay sau t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t h\u00fd lu\u1eadn, nh\u01b0 Kinh trong Sn 4:11. C\u00f3 khi t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1eabn t\u1edbi ni\u1ec7m r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i t\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 d\u1eabn ra h\u00fd lu\u1eadn, nh\u01b0 Kinh MN 18. Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00fd lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 c\u1eb7p k\u00ednh m\u00e0u ch\u00fang ta mang \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi ch\u00fang ta tu t\u1eadp c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, th\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Ni\u1ec7m H\u01a1i Th\u1edf, T\u1ee9 Ni\u1ec7m X\u1ee9, L\u1ee5c Ni\u1ec7m, Ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt, Ni\u1ec7m Th\u00ed, Ni\u1ec7m Thi\u00ean, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n\u2026 ban \u0111\u1ea7u khi h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 ni\u1ec7m, th\u00ec h\u00fd lu\u1eadn ch\u01b0a kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, h\u00fd lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn — l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ee5c tham kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ra t\u00e2m ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi \u01b0a & gh\u00e9t, n\u1eafm gi\u1eef & \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng\u2026 Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, trong s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m, hay s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m v\u1ec1, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 v\u01b0\u1edbng g\u00ec t\u1edbi \u201cta, c\u1ee7a ta\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0, l\u00fac m\u1edbi ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o, ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 \u201cs\u1eafc\/thanh g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee5\u201d\u2026 Kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00e2m v\u00f4 s\u1edf tr\u1ee5\u201d\u2026 C\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cs\u01a1 t\u00e2m\u201d (t\u00e2m ban \u0111\u1ea7u, hay t\u00e2m h\u00e0i nhi).<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u201csuy t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d v\u1edbi t\u00e2m ban \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00ec l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u00fd \u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m (th\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi t\u00ecnh c\u1edd g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u0169 hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecnh c\u0169, th\u00ec k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m gh\u00e9t\/\u01b0a s\u1ebd g\u1ee3i l\u00ean) — v\u00e0 do v\u1eady, khi suy t\u01b0\u1edfng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 suy t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1eafc\/thanh\/h\u01b0\u01a1ng\/v\u1ecb\/x\u00fac\/ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 suy t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 danh-s\u1eafc n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y trong Kinh SN 22.64 r\u1eb1ng suy t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi \u00c1c ma. Kinh n\u00e0y tr\u00edch, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Minh Ch\u00e2u:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u2014Ai suy t\u01b0\u1edfng, n\u00e0y T\u1ef7-kheo, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y b\u1ecb Ma tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c. Ai kh\u00f4ng suy t\u01b0\u1edfng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u00c1c ma.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2014B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n, con \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u. B\u1ea1ch Thi\u1ec7n Th\u1ec7, con \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2014Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, n\u00e0y T\u1ef7-kheo, \u00d4ng hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1eddi Ta n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u1eafn t\u1eaft:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2014Ai suy t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1eafc, b\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y b\u1ecb Ma tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c. Ai kh\u00f4ng suy t\u01b0\u1edfng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u00c1c ma. Ai suy t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd \u2026 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u2026 h\u00e0nh \u2026 th\u1ee9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y b\u1ecb Ma tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c. Ai kh\u00f4ng suy t\u01b0\u1edfng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u00c1c ma. B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u1eafn t\u1eaft n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n, con hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<\/em>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec suy t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 suy ni\u1ec7m, l\u00e0 ng\u1eabm ngh\u0129, l\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc, l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 c\u00e1i m\u00ecnh \u01b0a hay gh\u00e9t, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00fd lu\u1eadn. Trong b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfng Anh, c\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch d\u1ecbch. Bhikkhu Bodhi d\u1ecbch: \u201cBhikkhu, in conceiving<\/strong> one is bound by Mara; by not conceiving one is freed from the Evil One<\/em>.\u201d V\u00e0 Bhikkhu Sujato d\u1ecbch: \u201cWhen you identify<\/strong>, mendicant, you\u2019re bound by M\u0101ra. Not identifying, you\u2019re free from the Wicked One<\/em>.\u201d C\u1ea3 hai ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201csuy t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eadn ra c\u00f3 c\u00e1i t\u00f4i trong s\u1eafc\/thanh\u2026\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u201ckh\u00f4ng suy t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d l\u00e0 \u201cv\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m.\u201d Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn ra trong kinh, n\u00f3i l\u00e0 ch\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, v\u1ecb lai hay hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 ch\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u00f4i k\u00e9o hay x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea9y v\u00ec k\u00fd \u1ee9c trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, ch\u1edb m\u01a1 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb lai ch\u01b0a t\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u1edb b\u1ecb d\u00ednh v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i (trong c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u1eafc thanh h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb x\u00fac ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang kinh nghi\u1ec7m). Ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, th\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 trong m\u00f9a b\u1ea7u c\u1eed Hoa K\u1ef3, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed5i gi\u1eadn hay \u01b0a th\u00edch qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, hay ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo ng\u1ea1i hay vui m\u1eebng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec5n \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd th\u1eafng c\u1eed, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u1eaft v\u00e0 tai ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0i TV k\u00edch th\u00edch vui bu\u1ed3n s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i. Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5u l\u00fd nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3, l\u00f2ng ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd d\u1ecbu h\u1eb3n \u0111i.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, trong Kinh SN 12.38, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 \u201ckh\u00f4ng suy t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d — v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u201cth\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng an tr\u00fa\u201d v\u00e0 do v\u1eady th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u201ckh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d v\u00e0 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Minh Ch\u00e2u vi\u1ebft:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0 ni\u1ec7m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ea7m \u00fd, th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1edf duy\u00ean cho th\u1ee9c an tr\u00fa. Khi n\u00e0o s\u1edf duy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t th\u1eddi th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng an tr\u00fa. Do th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng an tr\u00fa v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, n\u00ean trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u00e1i h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng sanh kh\u1edfi. Do sanh kh\u1edfi t\u00e1i h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, n\u00ean sanh, gi\u00e0 ch\u1ebft, s\u1ea7u, bi, \u01b0u, n\u00e3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 kh\u1ed5 u\u1ea9n n\u00e0y<\/em>.\u201d \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n Anh d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Bhikkhu Bodhi d\u1ecbch l\u00e0: “…bhikkhus, when one does not intend<\/strong>, and one does not plan<\/strong>, and one does not have a tendency towards anythin<\/strong>g, no basis exists for the maintenance of consciousness…”<\/span><\/p>\n

Bhikkhu Sujato d\u1ecbch l\u00e0: “If you don\u2019t intend or plan or have underlying tendencies<\/strong>, this doesn\u2019t become a support for the continuation of consciousness. With no support, consciousness is not established. When consciousness is not established and doesn\u2019t grow, there\u2019s no rebirth…”<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u1eef \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0 ni\u1ec7m\u201d <\/em>ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cngay n\u01a1i ni\u1ec7m s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c an tr\u00fa\u201d v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea3. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u01b0u t\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, kh\u00f4ng xu\u00f4i theo khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ea7m k\u00edn n\u00e0o<\/strong>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong T\u1ea1p A H\u00e0m, c\u00f3 ba Kinh SA 359, 360, 361 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n sau, theo b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a hai Th\u1ea7y Tu\u1ec7 S\u1ef9 & \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng suy l\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb sai s\u1eed khi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c duy\u00ean n\u00edu m\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 duy\u00ean n\u00edu cho th\u1ee9c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i n\u00ean n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o danh s\u1eafc. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o danh s\u1eafc n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng qua l\u1ea1i. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng qua l\u1ea1i n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng sanh t\u1eed. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng sanh t\u1eed n\u00ean sanh, l\u00e3o, b\u1ec7nh, t\u1eed, \u01b0u, bi, kh\u1ed5, n\u00e3o \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ecb lai \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 thu\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i kh\u1ed5 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u0169ng b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u00f4 t\u00e2m<\/em><\/strong>\u201d — v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n Tr\u00fac L\u00e2m.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, th\u1ea5y nghe hay bi\u1ebft s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y nghe hay bi\u1ebft, l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o h\u00fd lu\u1eadn. Trong Kinh Bahiya (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Kinh Ud 1.10), \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch xa l\u00eca suy t\u01b0\u1edfng khi th\u1ea5y nghe hay bi\u1ebft, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Minh Ch\u00e2u:<\/span><\/p>\n

“…n\u00e0y B\u00e0hiya, n\u1ebfu v\u1edbi \u00d4ng, trong c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y, s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y; trong c\u00e1i nghe, s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i nghe; trong c\u00e1i th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng, s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng; trong c\u00e1i th\u1ee9c tri, s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i th\u1ee9c tri. Do v\u1eady, n\u00e0y B\u00e0hiva, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u1ea5y. V\u00ec r\u1eb1ng, n\u00e0y B\u00e0hiya, \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi sau, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi ch\u1eb7ng gi\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn kh\u1ed5 \u0111au<\/em>.”<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. Kinh SN 12.51 ghi r\u1eb1ng khi t\u00e2m l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ec7n, th\u1ee9c s\u1ebd v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n; khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u00e1c, th\u1ee9c s\u1ebd v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u00e1c; khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1ee9c s\u1ebd v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u01b0ng khi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 khai ph\u00e1t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c hay b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u00e0 do v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng n\u1eafm gi\u1eef g\u00ec. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n Anh v\u0103n Kinh SN 12.51 c\u1ee7a Bhikkhu Sujato tr\u00edch: \u201cIf an ignorant individual makes a good choice, their consciousness enters a good realm. If they make a bad choice, their consciousness enters a bad realm. If they make an imperturbable choice, their consciousness enters an imperturbable realm. When a mendicant has given up ignorance and given rise to knowledge, they don\u2019t make a good choice, a bad choice, or an imperturbable choice. Not choosing or intending, they don\u2019t grasp at anything in the world.<\/strong> Not grasping, they\u2019re not anxious. Not being anxious, they personally become extinguished<\/em>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Minh Ch\u00e2u, tr\u00edch: \u201cN\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o b\u1ecb v\u00f4 minh chi ph\u1ed1i, d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c (c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y) \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh l\u00e0m phi ph\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c (c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y) \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn phi ph\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c (c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y) \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, khi n\u00e0o v\u1ecb T\u1ef7-kheo \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn v\u00f4 minh, minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh kh\u1edfi. V\u1ecb \u1ea5y do v\u00f4 minh \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn, minh sanh kh\u1edfi, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh l\u00e0m phi ph\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ee5ng \u00fd, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 g\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi.<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i. Kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh<\/em>.”<\/span><\/p>\n

.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc, khi g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kinh, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 tu m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p th\u00f4i, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, Ni\u1ec7m Thi\u00ean, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ni\u1ec7m ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean. T\u1ea1i sao ni\u1ec7m t\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb thi\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh c\u00f2n tham s\u00e2n si, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 Kinh AN 1.296-305, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Minh Ch\u00e2u, tr\u00edch:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu t\u1eadp, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho sung m\u00e3n, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1ee9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n, ly tham, \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t, an t\u1ecbnh, th\u1eafng tr\u00ed, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. M\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt. Ch\u00ednh m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu t\u1eadp, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho sung m\u00e3n, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1ee9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n, ly tham, \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t, an t\u1ecbnh, th\u1eafng tr\u00ed, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu t\u1eadp, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho sung m\u00e3n, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebf nh\u1ee9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n, ly tham, \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t, an t\u1ecbnh, th\u1eafng tr\u00ed, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. M\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong> Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ni\u1ec7m Ph\u00e1p… ni\u1ec7m T\u0103ng… ni\u1ec7m Gi\u1edbi… ni\u1ec7m Th\u00ed… ni\u1ec7m Thi\u00ean<\/strong>… ni\u1ec7m H\u01a1i th\u1edf v\u00f4, H\u01a1i th\u1edf ra… ni\u1ec7m Ch\u1ebft… ni\u1ec7m Th\u00e2n… ni\u1ec7m An t\u1ecbnh. Ch\u00ednh m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu t\u1eadp, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho sung m\u00e3n, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1ee9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n, ly tham, \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t, an t\u1ecbnh, th\u1eafng tr\u00ed, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n.<\/em>\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, trong T\u1ea1p A H\u00e0m c\u00f3 Kinh SA 550, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a hai th\u1ea7y Tu\u1ec7 S\u1ef9, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng, c\u0169ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ni\u1ec7m ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean, tr\u00edch:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u2026khi Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed ni\u1ec7m c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean<\/strong>, kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi gi\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edfng tham d\u1ee5c, s\u00e2n nhu\u1ebf, n\u00e3o h\u1ea1i, th\u00ec nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed ra kh\u1ecfi t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u0103m ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5c. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103m ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5c n\u00e0y m\u00e0 l\u00eca tham, nhu\u1ebf, si v\u00e0 an tr\u1ee5 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m, ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed, n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo tr\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1o, tu t\u1eadp ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt, ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ebfn Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. \u0110\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai, \u1ee8ng C\u00fang, \u0110\u1eb3ng Ch\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1c, l\u00e0 b\u1eadc Tri gi\u1ea3, Ki\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3, n\u00f3i nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ee9 n\u0103m ra kh\u1ecfi kh\u1ed5, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 th\u00f9 th\u1eafng, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang sanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh t\u1ecbnh, l\u00eca kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o, di\u1ec7t h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi lo bu\u1ed3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/em>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0<\/strong> c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ec7m<\/strong> (n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean), m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u1edf h\u00e0nh vi ni\u1ec7m v\u1edbi t\u00e2m l\u00eca tham s\u00e2n si<\/strong> (t\u00e2m ra kh\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec5m tr\u01b0\u1edbc). B\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sinh c\u00f2n tham s\u00e2n si, nh\u01b0ng ngay khi ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh vi ni\u1ec7m, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o c\u00e1i \u0111ang t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (d\u00f9 l\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i x\u1ee9), th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh vi ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 si\u00eau v\u01b0\u1ee3t tham s\u00e2n si. B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean (ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi) nh\u01b0ng khi ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh vi ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 si\u00eau v\u01b0\u1ee3t ba c\u00f5i v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n (m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 nghe th\u1ea5y, v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nghe v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean). C\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m: ch\u00fa t\u00e2m t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u1ec7m<\/strong> c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111ang v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ba th\u1eddi qu\u00e1 hi\u1ec7n v\u1ecb lai. V\u00ec trong c\u00e1i ch\u00fa t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u1ec7m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ec7m (th\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean n\u00e0o) v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai \u0111ang ni\u1ec7m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 tham tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u<\/strong>, hay tham c\u00f4ng \u00e1n<\/strong>, trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn d\u1eabn t\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 ra ngo\u00e0i l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, n\u01a1i t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 suy t\u01b0\u1edfng, n\u01a1i ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ch\u1ed7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cni\u1ec7m v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m\u201d hay \u201cni\u1ec7m v\u00f4 t\u00e2m\u201d v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, nh\u01b0 tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u, “Khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t, ta l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec?” C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt cho s\u1eb5n l\u00e0 \u201cv\u00f4 ng\u00e3\u201d r\u1ed3i, nh\u01b0ng ngay c\u00e1i \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u1ec7m c\u00e1i r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00e1i ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng h\u00ecnh dung n\u1ed5i\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 khi kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1i v\u00f4 ng\u00e3, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 ai kinh nghi\u1ec7m. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u, “Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cha m\u1eb9 ch\u01b0a sanh, m\u1eb7t m\u0169i b\u1ed5n lai c\u1ee7a ta ra sao?”<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i \u201cch\u00fa t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u1ec7m\u201d \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh, hay T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh, do v\u1eady m\u1edbi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed5n lai ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt. V\u00e0 do v\u1eady, c\u0169ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o t\u1ee9c B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ni\u1ec7m ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh c\u00f2n tham s\u00e2n si. Ch\u00ednh ngay n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ec5 t\u1ec9nh t\u1ee9c th\u00e2n l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt, h\u1ec5 m\u00ea t\u1ee9c th\u00e2n l\u00e0 ch\u00fang sanh. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec c\u00e1i \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u1ec7m\u201d c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n hai b\u1edd t\u1ec9nh\/m\u00ea nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u hay c\u00f4ng \u00e1n ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y g\u1eady d\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u00ednh n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u1ec7m, Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca T\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ebf, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca s\u00f3ng, v\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca nh\u1eabn, v\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca \u1ea3nh. Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n t\u00e1nh n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1n ng\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc (m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00e2m s\u00e2u c\u00f2n t\u00f9y), \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd ti\u1ec7m tu sau, v\u00ec c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ee1 b\u1ecf t\u1eadp kh\u00ed tham s\u00e2n si.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn l\u1eddi ng\u00e0i Hu\u1ec7 N\u0103ng n\u00f3i trong Kinh Ph\u00e1p B\u1ea3o \u0110\u00e0n, n\u01a1i Ph\u1ea9m B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Duy L\u1ef1c, r\u1eb1ng, “B\u1ea3n t\u00e1nh l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt, li\u00e0 t\u00e1nh ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt… Sao g\u1ecdi Ba La M\u1eadt? Ba La M\u1eadt l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd b\u00ean kia, nghi\u00e3 l\u00e0 li\u00e0 sanh di\u1ec7t. Ch\u1ea5p c\u1ea3nh th\u00ec sanh di\u1ec7t d\u1ea5y l\u00ean nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed5i l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng, t\u1ee9c g\u1ecdi b\u1edd b\u00ean n\u00e0y, l\u00eca c\u1ea3nh th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng sanh di\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y im l\u00ecm, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1edd b\u00ean kia, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi Ba La M\u1eadt… Thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c, ph\u00e0m phu t\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o t\u1ee9c B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1; ni\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ea t\u1ee9c ph\u00e0m phu, ni\u1ec7m sau ng\u1ed9 t\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. Ni\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea5p c\u1ea3nh t\u1ee9c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, ni\u1ec7m sau li\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh t\u1ee9c B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1<\/em>.” (3)<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, ghi trong nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, s\u1ebd ghi theo Wikipedia. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng \u1edf Trung Hoa, ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y s\u1edf \u0111\u1eafc: “Gi\u1edd ta ra \u0111i s\u1eafp t\u1edbi, v\u1eady m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed h\u00e3y n\u00f3i cho ta nghe s\u1edf \u0111\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00f3 b\u1ea1ch: “Theo ch\u1ed7 th\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eb3ng ch\u1ea5p v\u0103n t\u1ef1, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng l\u00eca v\u0103n t\u1ef1.”<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma \u0111\u00e1p: “\u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbp da c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i r\u1ed3i.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Ni T\u1ed5ng Tr\u00ec n\u00f3i: “Ch\u1ed7 gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i m\u1eebng vui th\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u1eadt (t\u00e2m) b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, sau kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i n\u1eefa.”<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma n\u00f3i: “B\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i r\u1ed3i.”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1o D\u1ee5c, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea1ch: “B\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng, n\u0103m u\u1ea9n ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt c\u00f3, v\u1eady ch\u1ed7 th\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.”<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma \u0111\u00e1p: “\u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i r\u1ed3i.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ebfn phi\u00ean Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3. Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i s\u01b0 r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ee9ng ngay m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec c\u1ea3. s\u01b0 b\u1ea3o: “Ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n tu\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a ta.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 tu h\u1ecdc h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft xin l\u1ea1m b\u00e0n nh\u01b0 sau. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00e2m s\u00e2u. V\u0103n t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c m\u00e0n s\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f3i c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c. L\u1eddi ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00f3 n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca v\u0103n t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng vin v\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca b\u1ee9c m\u00e0n s\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f3i c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c. L\u1eddi Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Ni T\u1ed5ng Tr\u00ec n\u00f3i th\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u1eadt b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1i [\u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u1ec7m] b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y nghe hay bi\u1ebft; kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i n\u1eefa b\u1edfi v\u00ec to\u00e0n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec th\u1ea5y nghe hay bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00eca c\u00e1i b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn b\u1ea5t to\u00e0n v\u00ec c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ecbnh. L\u1eddi ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea1o D\u1ee5c n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng th\u1ea5y th\u00e2n t\u00e2m ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ed7ng rang, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c c\u00f3, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eafc (\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eebng d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng y nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u00e0n v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 r\u1ed7ng kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft v\u00ec t\u1eeb duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi m\u00e0 t\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111i). Nh\u01b0ng t\u1edbi ng\u00e0i Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3, ch\u1ec9 t\u1ecbch l\u1eb7ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta suy ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 t\u1ecbch l\u1eb7ng? N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u1ecbch l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 theo h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec. C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ecbch l\u1eb7ng khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u1ea7m b\u00f4ng hoa l\u00ean, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i Ca Di\u1ebfp l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi, theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng? N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y [xin s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3] m\u01b0\u1ee3n l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch theo \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba r\u1eb1ng ba ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00f3, T\u1ed5ng Tr\u00ec, \u0110\u1ea1o D\u1ee5c v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong v\u00f2ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u201cng\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng\u201d (nh\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng) v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y \u201cph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng,\u201d trong khi ng\u00e0i Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 nh\u00ecn ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ng\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o Ph\u00e1p duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi, s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y \u201cng\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng\u201d v\u00e0 c\u00f2n trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb; nh\u01b0ng khi th\u1ea5y ngay c\u1ea3 Ph\u00e1p duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi c\u0169ng v\u1ed1n t\u1ecbch l\u1eb7ng, th\u00ec s\u1ebd th\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng\u201d v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec tham s\u00e2n si n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o [k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 T\u1ee9 Di\u1ec7u \u0110\u1ebf] \u0111\u1ec3 tu h\u1ecdc hay truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ecbch l\u1eb7ng. Trong b\u1ed1n v\u1ecb h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma, ch\u1ec9 duy ng\u00e0i Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 l\u00e0 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t V\u00f4 T\u00e1c T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn l\u1eddi Th\u1ea7y Th\u00edch Thi\u1ec7n Si\u00eau trong b\u00e0i “B\u1ed1n Lo\u1ea1i T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ebf Trong Kinh” \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 V\u00f4 T\u00e1c T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ebf, tr\u00edch:<\/span><\/p>\n

“Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fang ta c\u1eaft ngh\u0129a l\u00fd duy\u00ean sinh l\u00e0 v\u1eadt n\u1ecd v\u1eadt kia, ph\u00e1p n\u1ecd ph\u00e1p kia, \u00edt khi \u00e1p l\u00fd duy\u00ean sinh v\u00e0o Kh\u1ed5 T\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea1o tr\u1eeb Di\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u00f4 vi, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u00e1p l\u1ea1i l\u00fd duy\u00ean sinh v\u00e0o n\u01a1i Kh\u1ed5 T\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea1o, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 duy\u00ean sinh v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh, th\u00ec Kh\u1ed5 T\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebf c\u0169ng l\u00e0 duy\u00ean sinh n\u00ean v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh. V\u00f4 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u00f4 sinh – n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 sinh T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf. C\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng gi\u00e1o l\u00fd m\u1ed7i t\u1ea7ng b\u1eadc c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00f3 s\u00e2u c\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. R\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u00ean gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i V\u00f4 t\u00e1c T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf, v\u00f4 sinh th\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u00e1c g\u00ec, \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 sinh th\u00ec v\u00f4 t\u00e1c. V\u00f4 sinh th\u00ec T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf, \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, n\u00f3 \u0111i d\u1ea7n t\u1edbi, \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh b\u1ed5n v\u00f4 sinh di\u1ec7t, b\u1ea5t c\u1ea5u, b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea5t t\u0103ng, b\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00e1c (v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng sanh kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t), b\u1ea5t c\u1ea5u b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 Kh\u1ed5 c\u00f3 T\u1eadp. B\u1ea5t t\u0103ng b\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m d\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o trong t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c t\u00ednh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u1ed1n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 y\u00ean l\u1eb7ng, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 v\u00f4 sinh, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t sanh b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t, b\u1ea5t t\u0103ng b\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m, b\u1ea5t c\u1ea5u b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn V\u00f4 t\u00e1c T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf.<\/em>” (4)<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi th\u1ea5y c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0 v\u00f4 sanh Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ecbch l\u1eb7ng. B\u1eadc th\u00e1nh ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 \u201cng\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng\u201d s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 c\u1ea3 \u201cng\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng\u201d s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y ngay c\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 Kinh L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0, m\u1ed9t kinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u00e0m t\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cho Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng, n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ngay c\u1ea3 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea5c m\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00eam qua, nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t qu\u1ef3 g\u1ed1i th\u01b0a v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, qua b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Duy L\u1ef1c, tr\u00edch (b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd vi\u1ebft theo v\u0103n xu\u00f4i do d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc):<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Th\u1ebf gian l\u00eca sanh di\u1ec7t \/ Nh\u01b0 hoa \u0111\u1ed1m tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng. \/ Tr\u00ed ch\u1eb3ng tr\u1ee5 h\u1eefu, v\u00f4 \/ M\u00e0 kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1i bi. \/ T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n \/ Xa l\u00eca n\u01a1i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. \/ Tr\u00ed ch\u1eb3ng tr\u1ee5 h\u1eefu, v\u00f4 \/ M\u00e0 kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1i bi.\/ Xa l\u00eca ch\u1ea5p \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng \/ Ph\u00e1p th\u1ebf gian nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9ng. \/ Tr\u00ed ch\u1eb3ng tr\u1ee5 h\u1eefu, v\u00f4 \/ M\u00e0 kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1i bi.\/ Bi\u1ebft nh\u01a1n ph\u00e1p V\u00f4 ng\u00e3 \/ Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00e0 nh\u0129 di\u1ec7m \/ Th\u01b0\u1eddng trong s\u1ea1ch v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng \/ M\u00e0 kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1i bi.\/ Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp \/ Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n Ph\u1eadt \/ Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n \/ L\u00eca n\u0103ng gi\u00e1c, s\u1edf gi\u00e1c. \/ Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \/ C\u1ea3 hai th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00eca. \/ Ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh \/ V\u1ed1n l\u00eca s\u1ef1 sanh kh\u1edfi. \/ Ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eddi sau \/ G\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ee7 x\u1ea3<\/em>.” (5)<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 t\u1ecbch l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u00fai cao ng\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea5u v\u00edu n\u1eefa, c\u0169ng h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt im l\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e0nh hoa l\u00ean v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i Ca Di\u1ebfp m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi. Ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Trung Lu\u1eadn, l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Trung Lu\u1eadn (Madhyamaka Sastra) c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Thi\u1ec7n Si\u00eau, ph\u1ea9m XVIII Qu\u00e1n V\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1p, tr\u00edch nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

“6. Ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 ng\u00e3, ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3, trong th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u00e3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 phi ng\u00e3.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u00ec tuy\u1ec7t d\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 t\u00e2m duy\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng sinh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n.<\/em><\/span><\/li>\n
  2. H\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ec1u phi th\u1eadt, c\u0169ng th\u1eadt c\u0169ng phi th\u1eadt, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i phi th\u1eadt. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt.<\/em><\/span><\/li>\n
  3. T\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9ng bi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng theo c\u00e1i bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00fd lu\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng sai kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/em>.” (6)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Th\u1ef1c ra, c\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Trung Lu\u1eadn, T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng, Ph\u1eadt T\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn s\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba c\u0169ng b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Trong nh\u00f3m Kinh Nh\u1eadt T\u1ee5ng S\u01a1 Th\u1eddi, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y trong Kinh Sn 5.6 (Upasiva-manava-puccha \/ C\u00e1c C\u00e2u H\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a Upasiva), b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c, \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n phong Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng, d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng h\u00e3y t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o, r\u1eb1ng ch\u1edb n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u0169ng s\u1ebd t\u1ecbch l\u1eb7ng, tr\u00edch nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

    “1070. [\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt] H\u1ee1i Upasiva, h\u00e3y t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c, nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o, n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a \u201ckh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o\u201d m\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u0169. R\u1eddi d\u1ee5c l\u1ea1c, b\u1ecf n\u00f3i n\u0103ng, ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam li\u00ean t\u1ee5c nh\u00ecn cho c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t tham \u00e1i…<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. [\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt] H\u1ee1i Upasiva. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi n\u01a1i an ngh\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, n\u01a1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ee1 b\u1ecf, n\u01a1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u0169ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ee1 b\u1ecf<\/em>.” (7)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, trong T\u1ea1p A H\u00e0m, Kinh SA 335, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn hay \u0111i, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 g\u00ec sinh hay di\u1ec7t (ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd trong Trung Lu\u1eadn, Ph\u1ea9m 2 Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 \u0110i L\u1ea1i, c\u0169ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng sinh di\u1ec7t), v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 kinh \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng. B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Kinh SA 335 c\u1ee7a hai th\u1ea7y Tu\u1ec7 S\u1ef9, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng tr\u00edch nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u201cTh\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 kinh \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng? N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef3-kheo, khi m\u1eaft sanh th\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ebfn; l\u00fac di\u1ec7t th\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111i. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1eaft ch\u1eb3ng th\u1eadt sanh, sanh r\u1ed3i di\u1ec7t m\u1ea5t; c\u00f3 nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. \u1ea4m n\u00e0y di\u1ec7t r\u1ed3i, \u1ea5m kh\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c, tr\u1eeb ph\u00e1p t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tai, m\u0169i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i, th\u00e2n, \u00fd c\u0169ng n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, tr\u1eeb ph\u00e1p t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1. Ph\u00e1p t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i, c\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u00e1i kia c\u00f3, c\u00e1i n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi th\u00ec c\u00e1i kia kh\u1edfi, nh\u01b0 v\u00f4 minh duy\u00ean h\u00e0nh, h\u00e0nh duy\u00ean th\u1ee9c, n\u00f3i chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho \u0111\u1ebfn thu\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i kh\u1ed5 l\u1edbn t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi. L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, c\u00e1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec c\u00e1i kia kh\u00f4ng, c\u00e1i n\u00e0y di\u1ec7t th\u00ec c\u00e1i kia di\u1ec7t, v\u00f4 minh di\u1ec7t n\u00ean h\u00e0nh di\u1ec7t, h\u00e0nh di\u1ec7t n\u00ean th\u1ee9c di\u1ec7t. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn thu\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i kh\u1ed5 l\u1edbn t\u1ee5 di\u1ec7t. N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef3-kheo, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kinh \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

      T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, trong Kinh Sn 1.1 v\u1edbi 17 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n, r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0, l\u1eadp \u0111i l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u \u201ct\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/em>\u201d t\u1edbi 5 l\u1ea7n trong 5 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 mang s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 9 t\u1edbi 13. \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh Nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i 17 l\u1ea7n nh\u00f3m ch\u1eef \u201cr\u1eddi b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 b\u1edd n\u00e0y v\u00e0 b\u1edd kia<\/em>\u201d trong 17 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 di\u1ec7u l\u00fd Ph\u00e1p Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc T\u00f4ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ng\u1eebng \u1edf l\u00fd Ng\u00e3 Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb s\u01b0 th\u1eddi b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u00e1i b\u1ea5t sinh b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i sinh di\u1ec7t ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft hay kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: khi b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c r\u1eebng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee3t th\u1ea5y m\u01b0a l\u1edbn \u00e0o t\u1edbi, gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i nghi\u00eang c\u00e2y l\u00e1, h\u01a1i l\u1ea1nh theo n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a h\u1eaft v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 ng\u1ea5m v\u00e0o to\u00e0n th\u00e2n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ch\u1ee3t th\u1ea5y t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh qua th\u1ea5y nghe hay bi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 sinh di\u1ec7t, th\u1eddi gian nh\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecdng v\u00e0 t\u00e2m v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 tham s\u00e2n si, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

      V\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: b\u1ea1n l\u1ea5y t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y l\u1edbn v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y b\u00fat ch\u00ec ra, v\u1ebd h\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y C\u00f3 b\u00ecnh, qua n\u00e9t b\u00fat ch\u00ec) v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i b\u1ea1n l\u1ea5y g\u00f4m t\u1ea9y x\u00f3a n\u00e9t b\u00fat ch\u00ec (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y Kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh, qua l\u1eb1n n\u00e9t v\u1eeba t\u1ea9y x\u00f3a) nh\u01b0ng khi nh\u00ecn t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y bao tr\u00f9m c\u1ea3 C\u00f3 v\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n lai v\u1ed1n t\u1ecbch l\u1eb7ng, r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n lai v\u1ed1n xa l\u00eca c\u1ea3 C\u00f3 v\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 g\u00ec sinh hay di\u1ec7t. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0, b\u1ea3n lai v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh, v\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c b\u0103ng, v\u00ec phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u1edbi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 xa l\u00eca nhau ch\u00fat n\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u1ec1 ni\u1ec7m, v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m, v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u1ec7m, v\u1ec1 tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng khi nh\u00ecn c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p trong \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf, s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y sinh t\u1eed v\u1edbi Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 hoa \u0111\u1ed1m h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd, \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ecbch l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      GHI CH\u00da<\/strong><\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      (1) \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t – Nam Truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Truy\u1ec1n: https:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/a31409\/dai-tang-kinh-tieng-viet-nam-truyen-va-bac-truyen<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

      (2) Thanissaro Bhikkhu:<\/span><\/p>\n

      https:\/\/www.dhammatalks.org\/suttas\/MN\/MN18.html<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

      (3) Kinh Ph\u00e1p B\u1ea3o \u0110\u00e0n: https:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/a682\/pham-bat-nha-thu-hai<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

      (4) B\u1ed1n Lo\u1ea1i T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ebf: <\/span><\/p>\n

      http:\/\/www.diendan.daitangkinhvietnam.org\/viewtopic.php?f=35&t=6150<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

      (5) Kinh L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0: https:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/p16a995\/quyen-thu-nhat<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

      (6) Trung Lu\u1eadn: https:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/p19a15713\/pham-18-quan-ve-phap<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

      (7) Kinh Nh\u1eadt T\u1ee5ng S\u01a1 Th\u1eddi: https:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/p15a30617\/sn-5-6-upasiva-manava-puccha-cac-cau-hoi-cua-upasiva<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c B\u00e0i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, d\u1ef1a theo l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5 s\u01b0. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0o; do v\u1eady, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng trong kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc […]\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6473,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[159,187,273,188,192],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6472"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6472"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6472\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6477,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6472\/revisions\/6477"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6473"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6472"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6472"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6472"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}