{"id":8054,"date":"2021-03-05T21:07:17","date_gmt":"2021-03-05T14:07:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/?p=8054"},"modified":"2021-03-05T22:29:48","modified_gmt":"2021-03-05T15:29:48","slug":"doc-lai-pham-cong-thien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/doc-lai-pham-cong-thien\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ecdc L\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nguy\u1ec5n H\u01b0ng Qu\u1ed1c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Tri\u1ebft gia Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n (Th\u00edch Nguy\u00ean T\u00e1nh)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc L\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n<\/a>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong v\u00e0i t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u0169 tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1975 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng t\u00f4i v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i. V\u00e0 v\u1eabn th\u1ea5y th\u00edch. C\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u hi\u1ebfm khi n\u00e0o t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i. Th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00f3c c\u00f3c t\u1eebng \u0111o\u1ea1n. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecdc th\u01a1. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n c\u1ea7m s\u00e1ch \u00f4ng l\u00ean, c\u1ee9 m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t trang n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ecdc; xong, g\u1ea5p s\u00e1ch l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m d\u1ea5u. L\u1ea7n sau, l\u1ea1i m\u1edf s\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc. T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd: h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0, trong v\u0103n xu\u00f4i, ngo\u00e0i V\u00f5 Phi\u1ebfn, ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n, t\u00f4i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb phong c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft v\u0103n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, theo t\u00f4i, c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u1ecdn. C\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac chung c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch. R\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, cu\u1ed1n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00f4t b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c th\u1eadt ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u. Sau \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00fd r\u1eddi, nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n r\u1eddi. L\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng b\u00fat. L\u00e0 vi\u1ebft theo s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e0 c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n th\u00ec h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng d\u00e0o d\u1ea1t. N\u00f3 cu\u1ed3n cu\u1ed9n. N\u00f3 tr\u00e0n b\u1edd; n\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i m\u1ecdi khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 quen thu\u1ed9c. N\u00f3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y trong v\u0103n phong Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n: n\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t. Trong v\u0103n nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 l\u1eeda. L\u00fac n\u00e0o \u00f4ng c\u0169ng n\u00e9m h\u1ebft t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t huy\u1ebft v\u00e0o c\u00e2u ch\u1eef. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u00e8 d\u1eb7t. \u0110\u00e3 tin, tin h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng. \u0110\u00e3 th\u00edch, th\u00edch h\u1ebft m\u1ef1c. Khen ai, \u00f4ng khen kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfc l\u1eddi. Nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i thi h\u00e0o\u201d, \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u00e0o\u201d \u201chay nh\u1ea5t\u201d, \u201cl\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t\u201d\u2026 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1eadt h\u00e0o s\u1ea3ng. N\u0103m 1967, trong cu\u1ed1n\u00a0Im l\u1eb7ng h\u1ed1 th\u1eb3m<\/span>, \u00f4ng xem Nguy\u1ec5n Du l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong n\u0103m nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng; n\u0103m 1996, trong cu\u1ed1n\u00a0Nguy\u1ec5n Du, \u0111\u1ea1i thi h\u00e0o d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c<\/span>, \u00f4ng \u0111i xa h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat n\u1eefa, cho Nguy\u1ec5n Du l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ba nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh Hoelderlin v\u00e0 Walt Whitman. Ngo\u00e0i ba nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 \u1ea5y, c\u00f3 c\u00f2n ai \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng? H\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cba thi\u00ean t\u00e0i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n thi ca nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong hai ng\u00e0n n\u0103m hoang vu tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t.\u201d V\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n Du, vi\u1ebft th\u1ebf, d\u00f9 sao, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nguy\u1ec5n Du l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng; m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 kh\u00e1c, Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng h\u00e0o s\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Trong cu\u1ed1n\u00a0H\u1ed1 th\u1eb3m c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1967, Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Qu\u00e1ch T\u1ea5n: \u201cQu\u00e1ch T\u1ea5n l\u00e0 thi s\u0129 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n gi\u1edd; Qu\u00e1ch T\u1ea5n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u thi ca ti\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u thi ca h\u1eadu chi\u1ebfn qua hai t\u1eadp th\u01a1\u00a0\u0110\u1ecdng b\u00f3ng chi\u1ec1u<\/span>\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0M\u1ed9ng ng\u00e2n s\u01a1n<\/span>\u201d. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u201cQu\u00e1ch T\u1ea5n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi s\u0129 duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Du c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1edf dang; c\u00f2n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng thi s\u0129 kh\u00e1c, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 H\u00e0n M\u1eb7c T\u1eed, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Xu\u00e2n Di\u1ec7u, Huy C\u1eadn, v.v. \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thi s\u0129 thi\u00ean t\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00ednh ki\u1ec7n hay ki\u1ec7n\u00a0t\u00ednh\u00a0<\/span>trong th\u01a1 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3\u00a0t\u00ednh<\/span>\u00a0d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u thi cu\u1ed9c m\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Du \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cho thi ca Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d. C\u0169ng trong cu\u1ed1n \u1ea5y, Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 H\u00e0n M\u1eb7c T\u1eed: \u201cH\u00e0n M\u1eb7c T\u1eed v\u1ed7 c\u00e1nh ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0 bay xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eadu gi\u1eefa Thi\u00ean Thanh, Rimbaud v\u00e0 Hoelderlin \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady ch\u1eafp tay, \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u00e1i; Keats v\u00e0 Leopardi \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady ch\u1eafp tay, \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda m\u1eb7t; H\u00e0n M\u1eb7c T\u1eed bay s\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eadu ngay ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa; ngay l\u00fac \u1ea5y, l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c hai Thi S\u0129 b\u00ean tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 hai Thi S\u0129 b\u00ean m\u1eb7t qu\u00ec xu\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1y ba tri\u1ec7u l\u1ea1y; khi b\u1ed1n Thi S\u0129 l\u1ea1y xong v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t l\u00ean th\u00ec H\u00e0n M\u1eb7c T\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ee5t bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ho\u1ea3 di\u1ec7m s\u01a1n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3: qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng c\u00f4 li\u00eau xoay tr\u00f2n n\u0103m v\u00f2ng v\u00e0 thu h\u00ecnh nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t; t\u1eeb \u1ea5y, tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c xoay tr\u00f2n gi\u1eefa v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00f4 bi\u00ean v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0m th\u01a1 n\u1eefa.\u201d Nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e1t ng\u00f4n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n: \u201cCh\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Du c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdn t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng\u00a0Nam hoa kinh<\/span>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Trang T\u1eed. M\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n Cao V\u00e2n (b\u00e0i\u00a0V\u1ecbnh tam t\u00e0i<\/span>) \u0111\u1ee7 thu g\u1ecdn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 T\u1ed1ng Nho. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u00e2u th\u01a1 H\u00e0n M\u1eb7c T\u1eed \u0111\u1ee7 n\u00f3i h\u1ebft tr\u1ecdn s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e1nh Thomas d\u2019Aquin v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh Augustin. M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Rimbaud hay m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Henry Miller \u0111\u1ee7 n\u00f3i h\u1ebft Kierkegaard, Paul Tillich hay Heid gger.\u201d V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i l\u1edbn, Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n vung b\u00fat nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, k\u1ec3 c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, ch\u1ec9 h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t t\u00ed, Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng l\u1eddi khen ng\u1ee3i. Trong cu\u1ed1n\u00a0Kh\u01a1i m\u1ea1ch ngu\u1ed3n th\u01a1 thi s\u0129 Seamus Heaney, gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1995<\/span>, nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn hai c\u00e2u th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0i Khanh \u201cCon s\u00f4ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 xa ngu\u1ed3n \/ Th\u00ec con s\u00f4ng \u1ea5y s\u1ebd bu\u1ed3n v\u1edbi t\u00f4i\u201d, \u00f4ng h\u1ea1 b\u00fat: \u201cC\u00e2u th\u01a1 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7\u201d; nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u \u201cT\u00f4i \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ean n\u00e0y b\u1edd d\u0129 v\u00e3ng \/ Th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 con n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea1i ng\u00f9ng xu\u00f4i \/ Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i b\u00ean kia \u1ea5y \/ Ai bi\u1ebft chi\u1ec1u nay c\u00f3 nh\u1edb t\u00f4i\u201d c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng Tr\u00fac Ly, \u00f4ng b\u00ecnh: \u201cb\u1ed1n c\u00e2u th\u01a1 b\u00e1t ng\u00e1t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1eddi qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d (tr. 29).<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. L\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng n\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t. L\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. L\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ef1c \u0111oan v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7n. Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111oan nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn to\u00e1t l\u00ean v\u1ebb th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng th\u00e1i. S\u1ef1 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c g\u1ee3i l\u00ean \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1eb9p h\u00f2i v\u00e0 hung b\u1ea1o. Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u00ean c\u1ef1c \u0111oan m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u1ea1i. Bao tr\u00f9m l\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, \u00f4ng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 duy\u00ean d\u00e1ng. \u0110\u1ecdc, th\u1ea5y ngay \u00f4ng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ai n\u1ee1 b\u1eaft b\u1ebb. B\u1eaft b\u1ebb, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1ecf nhen.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 ch\u1eef. V\u0103n Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 \u1ea9n d\u1ee5. \u0110o\u1ea1n v\u0103n vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 H\u00e0n M\u1eb7c T\u1eed \u1edf tr\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5. Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ho\u1ea3 di\u1ec7m s\u01a1n. \u1ede nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, h\u1ebft n\u00fai l\u1eeda th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ed1 th\u1eb3m, h\u1ebft ng\u00e0y sinh c\u1ee7a r\u1eafn th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng con chim bi\u1ebft n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n, h\u1ebft \u0111\u00f2i gi\u1ebft c\u00e1c con ki\u1ebfn trong \u00fd th\u1ee9c th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn giao c\u1ea5u m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi sinh ra m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng, v.v… \u0110\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3, Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn \u201cng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a thi s\u0129. Ai mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u sao th\u00ec hi\u1ec3u.\u201d L\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a thi s\u0129, gi\u1ecdng v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng th\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng. Th\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u00f4ng b\u00e0n chuy\u1ec7n tri\u1ebft l\u00fd hay Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p. Th\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u00f4ng h\u1ee5c h\u1eb7c g\u00e2y h\u1ea5n ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, ch\u1eedi b\u1edbi \u1ea7m \u0129. S\u1ef1 th\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebfn, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, t\u1eeb h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c, quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, theo t\u00f4i, t\u1eeb nh\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7u. V\u0103n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t gi\u00e0u nh\u1ea1c t\u00ednh. C\u00e2u v\u0103n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec d\u00e0i h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ec3 cho ch\u1eef c\u00f3 \u00e2m vang. \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y hay h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng \u00e2m vang \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1eaft qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm. Th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 qua c\u00e1c c\u00e2u v\u0103n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n. Trong cu\u1ed1n\u00a0Kh\u01a1i m\u1ea1ch ngu\u1ed3n th\u01a1 thi s\u0129 Seamus Heaney<\/span>, \u00f4ng d\u1ecbch ch\u1eef \u201crecollections\u201d c\u1ee7a Yeats th\u00e0nh \u201ch\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng, truy t\u01b0\u1edfng, ho\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edfng, m\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u1edb t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d; (tr. 14); c\u00e2u \u201cThe end of art is peace\u201d th\u00e0nh \u201cC\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, s\u1ef1 an b\u00ecnh, thanh b\u00ecnh\u201d (tr. 46). D\u1ecbch, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u00d4ng vi\u1ebft c\u0169ng th\u1ebf. Thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat c\u00f4 \u0111\u00fac. B\u00f9 l\u1ea1i, c\u00e2u v\u0103n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng v\u00e0 vang h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u00e1m \u1ea3nh l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ch\u1eef. R\u1ea3i r\u00e1c trong nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, trong cu\u1ed1n\u00a0\u0110i cho h\u1ebft m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam hoang vu tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t<\/span>\u00a0(1988), \u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 say m\u00ea h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 t\u00edch \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ai v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 xin gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong ph\u1ea1m vi v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng: \u1edf Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 ch\u1eef c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 trong c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft v\u0103n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u0103n Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 khi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea5t t\u1eadn g\u1ee3i l\u00ean t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng con ch\u1eef. Ch\u1eef n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi ch\u1eef n\u1ecd. Ng\u1ee1 nh\u01b0 ch\u1eef ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00fd \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eef, d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u00f2i b\u00fat c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n, th\u1eadt ra, c\u0169ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u00fd. Ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u01b0a, luy\u1ebfn l\u00e1y nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1eeba th\u00e3i. C\u0169ng trong cu\u1ed1n\u00a0Kh\u01a1i m\u1ea1ch<\/span>\u2026 \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft: \u201cTh\u01a1 l\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c; h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Th\u01a1 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh ra\u00a0hi\u1ec7n\u00a0<\/span>h\u00ecnh v\u00e0\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0\u1ea3nh:\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0h\u00ecnh v\u00e0\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Th\u01a1 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0c\u1ea3nh linh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0th\u1ef1c h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh s\u1eafc v\u00e0 phong c\u1ea3nh\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0ti\u1ec1n\u201d (tr. 7). Xin l\u01b0u \u00fd: nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef \u201chi\u1ec7n\u201d trong \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n sau l\u00e0 do t\u00f4i in nghi\u00eang. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y. \u00c1m \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb t\u1ed1 \u201chi\u1ec7n\u201d \u1ea5y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i sang m\u1ea5y trang sau: \u201cM\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 h\u1ed1t nhi\u00ean xu\u1ea5t\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>, \u0111\u1ed9t\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>; m\u1ed9t tia ch\u1edbp ngang tr\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng s\u00e9t b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. Th\u01a1 l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 r\u1ea1ng ng\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 Xu\u1ea5t\u00a0Hi\u1ec7n<\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 oai l\u1ef1c l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 Linh\u00a0Hi\u1ec7n<\/span>. S\u1ef1 Xu\u1ea5t\u00a0Hi\u1ec7n<\/span>, Linh\u00a0Hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0l\u00e0 su\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi \u00fd ngh\u0129a, ban b\u1ed1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 khai m\u1edf v\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ee9t gi\u1eefa m\u1ecdi \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ngh\u0129a\u201d (tr. 9). Ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft, sau \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5y c\u00e2u th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Archibald MacLeish: \u201c\u2026 wordless \/ as the flight of birds\u2026 \/ A poem should not mean \/ but be.\u201d \u00d4ng vi\u1ebft: \u201cC\u00e1i ch\u1eef \u2018be\u2019 \u0111\u01a1n s\u01a1 \u1edf tr\u00ean xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ed9 di\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng s\u00e9t, c\u00e1i \u2018l\u00e0\u2019\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0h\u1eefu, n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0c\u1ee7a T\u00ednh th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 Th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh: s\u1ef1\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0th\u1ec3,\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0t\u00ednh,\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0t\u00ednh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh t\u00ednh th\u1ec3, s\u1ef1\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0th\u00e2n nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n, s\u1ef1\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0di\u1ec7n sung m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i \u2018l\u00e0\u2019, c\u00e1i \u2018c\u00f3\u2019; s\u1ef1\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0di\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ecb\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd t\u1eeb c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i c\u00f3, t\u1eeb c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i l\u00e0, tho\u00e1ng\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>, tho\u00e1ng m\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 tia ch\u1edbp. [\u2026] B\u00e0i th\u01a1 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0di\u1ec7n,\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0t\u00ednh, th\u1ecb\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>; s\u1ef1\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0di\u1ec7n ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng l\u00e0\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0di\u1ec7n m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n\u00a0hi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0di\u1ec7n ngay c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 khi\u1ebfm di\u1ec7n, ngay c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t t\u00edch v\u00e0 xa v\u1eafng.\u201d (tr. 10-11). C\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ngay t\u1eeb\u00a0\u00dd th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi trong v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc\u00a0<\/span>(1965), m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u tay c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Sau khi n\u00eau l\u00ean n\u0103m ch\u1eef:\u00a0chay, ch\u00e1y, ch\u00e0y, ch\u1ea3y<\/span>\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0ch\u1ea1y\u00a0<\/span>trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n vi\u1ebft:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eb1m trong n\u0103m ch\u1eef tr\u00ean. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i \u0111i tr\u00ean n\u0103m b\u01b0\u1edbc tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1: tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i trong s\u1ea1ch thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft, ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean t\u00ednh thu\u1ea7n tu\u00fd, s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, kh\u00f4ng pha tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi ngo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t (CHAY), nh\u1edd th\u1ebf th\u00ec s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u00e2m linh m\u1edbi b\u1eebng ch\u00e1y d\u1eady nh\u01b0 c\u01a1n ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n thi\u00eang li\u00eang thi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1t cho tan h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi nh\u1ecf nhoi t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u00e1c r\u01b0\u1edfi (CH\u00c1Y) v\u00e0 nh\u1edd ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda thi\u00eang li\u00eang b\u00f9ng ch\u00e1y trong tim cho n\u00ean s\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tranh \u0111ua l\u00fd s\u1ef1 g\u00ec n\u1eefa c\u1ea3, v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 tr\u00f9 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u1ed3ng l\u1ed9ng ph\u0103ng ph\u0103ng, ngang d\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u1eddi ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ea5t, li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh, kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i (CH\u00c0Y), v\u00ec s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00ean s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng \u00e0o \u1ea1t ph\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u0169 (CH\u1ea2Y) cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc g\u00ec n\u1eefa, kh\u00f4ng v\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng k\u1eb9t v\u00e0o trong b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e1i g\u00ec tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y (CH\u1ea0Y).<\/span><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc Platon, Aristote, Kant, Hegel hay Karl Marx, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed v\u00e0 L\u00e3o T\u1eed, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0Upanishads<\/span>\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0Bhagavad Gita<\/span>, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0\u00a0b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng<\/span>\u00a0t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd tri\u1ebft l\u00fd cao si\u00eau nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eb1m s\u1eb5n trong v\u00e0i ba ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01a1n s\u01a1 nh\u01b0 CON v\u00e0 C\u00c1I, nh\u01b0 CHAY, CH\u00c1Y, CH\u00c0Y, CH\u1ea2Y, CH\u1ea0Y v\u00e0 c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng suy ngh\u0129 kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf qu\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ngu xu\u1ea9n.\u201d (tr.xi-xii)<\/span><\/div>\n

Th\u00ec c\u0169ng y\u00eau ch\u1eef, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y b\u00fat kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec7u \u1ea7u \u01a1 c\u0169 r\u00edch. \u1ede Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n, ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1eadt th\u00e2m tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0 th\u00fa v\u1ecb. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1ed1i ch\u1eef, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh y\u00eau g\u00ec kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau g\u00ec? Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong ph\u1ea1m vi v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eebng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1i kh\u00f3, c\u00e1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1i tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Trong t\u1eadp\u00a0M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c<\/span>\u00a0(1967) c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, t\u00f4i th\u00edch hai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0m t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u n\u1ed5i, c\u00e1i \u1ea5y l\u00e0m t\u00f4i say s\u01b0a y\u00eau d\u1ea5u.\u201d (S\u1ed1 XXXVI)<\/span><\/div>\n

v\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00f4i y\u00eau nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f4 khan, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i. T\u00f4i y\u00eau \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. T\u00f4i th\u00edch \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4 khan l\u01b0\u1ee3m th\u01b0\u1ee3m d\u00e0i d\u00f2ng, t\u00f4i \u01b0a nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn, nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o cao.\u201d (S\u1ed1 XXXVIII).<\/span><\/div>\n

N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 ngay \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n. Kh\u00f4ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn cho v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i t\u0103m. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eebng l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ecdc Kafka c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n: \u201cM\u1ed9t thi s\u0129 \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Kafka s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u g\u1ea5p ng\u00e0n l\u1ea7n h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tri\u1ebft gia, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 hay nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh.\u201d L\u00e2u nay, t\u00f4i v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ecdc Kafka t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh. V\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 trung b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u Kafka nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n t\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0ng ri\u00eang v\u1edbi Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n th\u00ec t\u00f4i tin c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc (l\u1ea1i) c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea3m th\u01a1. V\u00e0 t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Trong v\u1eaft.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Melbourne 5 th\u00e1ng 1.2009<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
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Tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/span>:<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
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Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n (1965),\u00a0\u00dd th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi trong v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span>, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n: An Ti\u00eam; t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba (1966). [Xem\u00a0b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/a>\u00a0do talawas th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n].<\/div>\n
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Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n (1967),\u00a0M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c<\/span>, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n: An Ti\u00eam. [Xem\u00a0b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/a>\u00a0do talawas th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n].<\/div>\n
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Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n (1967),\u00a0H\u1ed1 th\u1eb3m c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n: Ph\u1ea1m Ho\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n. [Xem\u00a0b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/a>\u00a0do talawas th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n].<\/div>\n
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Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n (1967),\u00a0Im l\u1eb7ng h\u1ed1 th\u1eb3m<\/span>, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n: An Ti\u00eam; t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai (1969). [Xem\u00a0b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/a>\u00a0do talawas th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n].<\/div>\n
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Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n (1988),\u00a0\u0110i cho h\u1ebft m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam hoang vu tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t<\/span>, California, USA: Tr\u1ea7n Thi.<\/div>\n
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Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n (1996),\u00a0Nguy\u1ec5n Du, \u0111\u1ea1i thi h\u00e0o d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c<\/span>, California, USA: Vi\u1ec7n Tri\u1ebft L\u00fd Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Tri\u1ebft H\u1ecdc Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi.<\/div>\n
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Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n (1996),\u00a0Kh\u01a1i m\u1ea1ch ngu\u1ed3n th\u01a1 thi s\u0129 Seamus Heaney, Gi\u1ea3i Nobel V\u0103n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1995<\/span>, California, USA: Vi\u1ec7n Tri\u1ebft L\u00fd Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Tri\u1ebft H\u1ecdc Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi.<\/div>\n
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Ngu\u1ed3n<\/span>:<\/strong>\u00a0https:\/\/www.tienve.org\/home\/literature\/viewLiterature.do?action=viewArtwork&artworkId=8043<\/a><\/div>\n
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Nguy\u1ec5n H\u01b0ng Qu\u1ed1c Tri\u1ebft gia Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n (Th\u00edch Nguy\u00ean T\u00e1nh) \u0110\u1ecdc L\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong v\u00e0i t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u0169 tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1975 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng t\u00f4i v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i. V\u00e0 v\u1eabn th\u1ea5y th\u00edch. C\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u hi\u1ebfm khi n\u00e0o t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn […]\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8055,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[338,260,185,192],"tags":[339],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8054"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8054"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8054\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8076,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8054\/revisions\/8076"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8055"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}