{"id":8364,"date":"2021-04-03T05:20:37","date_gmt":"2021-04-02T22:20:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/?p=8364"},"modified":"2021-04-03T05:28:35","modified_gmt":"2021-04-02T22:28:35","slug":"bo-de-dat-ma-tu-huyen-thoai-toi-tam-kinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/bo-de-dat-ma-tu-huyen-thoai-toi-tam-kinh\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma: T\u1eeb Huy\u1ec1n Tho\u1ea1i T\u1edbi T\u00e2m Kinh"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u01b0 S\u0129 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

B\u1ed2 \u0110\u1ec0 \u0110\u1ea0T MA: T\u1eea HUY\u1ec0N THO\u1ea0I T\u1edaI T\u00c2M KINH<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng s\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f3i huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i, ngay kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0i Ca Di\u1ebfp khi th\u1ea5y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u1ea7m l\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u00f4ng hoa. V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Thi\u1ec1n, t\u1eeb chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i h\u01a1n hai thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 cho t\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n sang nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia, m\u1ed7i n\u01a1i l\u1ea1i th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i. Trong \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t \u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma. B\u00e0i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 t\u1edbi ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 T\u00e2m Kinh, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0i ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t trong 6 c\u1eeda v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 ri\u00eang, v\u00ec t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0o. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y n\u1ebfu ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ch\u00fat c\u01a1 may tr\u1ed9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec sai s\u00f3t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 tu h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a t\u1edbi n\u01a1i kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng. Do v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1eb7t nghi v\u1ea5n n\u01a1i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef n\u00e0o trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e3y t\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m v\u1edbi \u00fd kinh v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i cho c\u00f9ng, c\u00f3 g\u00ec tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y m\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9, h\u01b0 h\u01b0 th\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c. Ngay th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng th\u1ea7n t\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh, Internet\u2026 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y nghe th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u00e0i m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u00e9t, v\u00e0 xa h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd nghe k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng, nh\u1edd xem TV, v\u1eady m\u00e0 tin gi\u1ea3, tin v\u1ecbt v\u1eabn b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i. Trong khi \u0110\u00e0i TV n\u00e0y v\u00e0 k\u00eanh YouTube kia n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ABC, th\u00ec \u0110\u00e0i TV n\u1ecd v\u00e0 k\u00eanh YouTube kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i c\u00e3i h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 CBA. \u00dd ki\u1ebfn d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t th\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 chu\u1ef5\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra sao l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau. Do v\u1eady, chuy\u1ec7n qu\u00fd ng\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7y s\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f3i kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ed5 th\u1ee9 27 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Ni s\u01b0? M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 nghi v\u1ea5n huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i: C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 th\u1ee9 27 Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Ni S\u01b0, v\u00e0 Ni S\u01b0 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea1o, truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1p cho ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma? Ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ecbch s\u1eed: B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma (Bodhidharma) l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng v\u00e0o Trung Hoa truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 5 hay th\u1ee9 6. Trong khi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 th\u1ee9 28 Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng, th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La (Prajnatara) trong truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00ecn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t l\u1ea1i cho th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb ni. Theo t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n Wikipedia, ng\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La c\u00f2n t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Keyura, Prajnadhara, hay Hannyatara, t\u1ed5 s\u01b0 th\u1ee9 27 c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1eed ghi r\u1eb1ng Ng\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La (kh\u00f4ng n\u00eau r\u00f5 t\u00ednh ph\u00e1i) sinh trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh B\u00e0 La M\u00f4n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i t\u1eeb thu\u1edf b\u00e9. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh, do v\u1eady ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u2018V\u00f2ng Ng\u1ecdc Qu\u00fd\u2019 hay l\u00e0 ‘Keyura’ tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xu\u1ea5t gia. Khi T\u1ed5 th\u1ee9 26 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i Punyamitra t\u1edbi th\u0103m mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a vua c\u1ee7a B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La, ng\u00e0i Punyamitra ch\u1eadn chi\u1ebfc xe c\u1ee7a vua l\u1ea1i khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La qu\u1ef3 l\u1ea1y. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Punyamitra nh\u1eadn ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f3a th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Bodhisattva Mahasthamaprapta (B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1ebf Ch\u00ed). Punyamitra ch\u1ecdn B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed1i ph\u00e1p Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i ng\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La \u0111i v\u1ec1 nam \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, g\u1eb7p B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma l\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed \u00fat c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb vua. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi vi\u00ean t\u1ecbch \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 67, B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La d\u1ea1y B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma h\u00e3y \u0111i sang Trung Hoa \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y ph\u00e1p. T\u1edbi l\u00fac vi\u00ean t\u1ecbch, ng\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La bay l\u00ean tr\u1eddi, h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh l\u1eeda thi\u00eau r\u1ee5i, r\u1ed3i m\u01b0a x\u00e1 l\u1ee3i r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2. S\u00e1ch Truy\u1ec1n \u0110\u0103ng L\u1ee5c (The Transmission of the Lamp) ghi l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng l\u00e0 M\u00e3 T\u1ed5 \u0110\u1ea1o Nh\u1ea5t (Mazu Daoyi) v\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd lan truy\u1ec1n kh\u1eafp c\u00f5i n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Hoa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La l\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ed5 s\u01b0 Thi\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 t\u00ecm ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9, cho th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 n\u1eef gi\u1edbi. T\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 Prajnatara, l\u00e0 gh\u00e9p t\u1eeb t\u00ean hai v\u1ecb n\u1eef B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t — Prajnaparamita (B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 Ba La M\u1eadt \u0110a) v\u00e0 Tara (\u0110a La), c\u1ea3 hai v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. N\u0103m 2008, nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 Koten Benson (Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Thi\u1ec1n vi\u1ec7n Lions Gate Buddhist Priory \u1edf Canada) n\u00eau ra nghi v\u1ea5n r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, v\u00e0 v\u1ecb n\u1eef l\u01b0u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 S\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4ng Sarvastivadin (Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft h\u1eefu b\u1ed9). Nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 Benson n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9u truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i Kerala (m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u bang \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, n\u01a1i Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 10) v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9u truy\u1ec1n trong Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0n (Korean Seon, hay Korean Zen Buddhism) nh\u00ecn ng\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1edb kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 m\u1edbi t\u00ecm \u1edf nam \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ni S\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Benson n\u00eau nghi v\u1ea5n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecdng nam t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n x\u00f3a \u0111i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef khi n\u00f3i t\u1edbi Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma, nh\u01b0ng khi Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n sang \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ghi l\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n kh\u1ea9u r\u1eb1ng B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 ni.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ea3n v\u0103n Shobogenzo (True Dharma Eye Treasury — Ch\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p Nh\u00e3n T\u1ea1ng), t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m vi\u1ebft trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 12 c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n Dogen, khi li\u1ec7t k\u00ea th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ed5 s\u01b0 Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e3 ghi r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i Hannyatara (t\u00ean trong ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La) l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 50.<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u1ea7n ch\u00fang ta nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft nhan \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cWho Was Prajnatara?\u201d (Ai l\u00e0 B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La?) tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Lion\u2019s Roar v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10\/2018, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 Geoffrey Shugen Arnold, v\u1ecb Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n vi\u1ec7n Zen Mountain Monastery \u00a0t\u1ea1i n\u00fai Mt. Tremper, New York, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a trung t\u00e2m Zen Center of New York City. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 Geoffrey Shugen Arnold n\u00eau r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, qua m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed1i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 ni Jiyu Kennett Roshi, v\u1ecb s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Thi\u1ec1n vi\u1ec7n Shasta Abbey. Khi Ni s\u01b0 Jiyu Kennett Roshi tu h\u1ecdc b\u00ean Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a Ni s\u01b0 l\u00e0 Koho Zenji k\u1ec3 cho Ni s\u01b0 nghe r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 ni trong d\u00f2ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng n\u00e0y. Nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m sau, Ni s\u01b0 Jiyu Kennett y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Ni s\u01b0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ed5 trong Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0n trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u00ecm ra chi ti\u1ebft kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a PG t\u1eeb Kerala \u1edf ph\u00eda nam \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, n\u01a1i ng\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La t\u1eebng c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1edb trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. Nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 Geoffrey Shugen Arnold \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 cho nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1c b\u1ecf ngay. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nghe l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 ngh\u0129 chuy\u1ec7n B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ghi s\u1eed kh\u00f4ng n\u00eau r\u00f5 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u00ednh ph\u00e1i v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eddi sau ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi r\u00f5 t\u00ednh ph\u00e1i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

R\u1ed3i t\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi, ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh dung ra m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng s\u01b0 gi\u00e0 t\u00ean l\u00e0 B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La v\u1edbi ng\u00f4n phong k\u1ef3 b\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ng\u00e0i d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea1o cho B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma c\u0169ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 si\u00eau xu\u1ea5t \u1ea9n m\u1eadt. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u1ed5 l\u00e0 nam hay n\u1eef ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1eed gia, ngo\u00e0i ra ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eadn t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec1u — v\u00ec t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fat g\u00ec nam hay n\u1eef hay xanh \u0111\u1ecf t\u00edm v\u00e0ng, v\u00ec t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1eafc truy\u1ec1n hay Nam truy\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 v\u00ec t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00fat g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u1ea4n, Hoa, Vi\u1ec7t, Nh\u1eadt, Th\u00e1i, H\u00e0n, M\u1ef9, Ph\u00e1p\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 v\u00f5 s\u01b0? Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma v\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p theo l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110a La. Theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1p Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n d\u1ea1y m\u00f4n v\u00f5 sau n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f5 Thi\u1ebfu L\u00e2m. Theo T\u1ef1 \u0110i\u1ec3n B\u00e1ch Khoa M\u1edf (Wikipedia), th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma \u0111\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thuy\u1ebft n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i L\u01b0u T\u1ed1ng (420-479) hay mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n v\u00e0o tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng (502-557). Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y (386-534). Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 5. Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 T\u1ed5 th\u1ee9 28 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng sau Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch-ca M\u00e2u-ni c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n t\u00f4ng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 S\u01a1 t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n t\u00f4ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma t\u1edbi TQ, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o. V\u00ec l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, tuy l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac chi\u1ebfn tranh, nh\u00e0 vua L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho x\u00e2y trong n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n, b\u1ea3o th\u00e1p. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n r\u1ee7 nhau \u0111i ch\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u00e0o \u1ea1t, v\u00e0 h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 t\u0103ng ni tu h\u1ecdc s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i. Khi t\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 n\u00ean g\u1eb7p vua tr\u01b0\u1edbc. May m\u1eafn, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00fap cho g\u1eb7p vua L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i cu\u1ed9c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa vua L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng, cho th\u1ea5y ng\u00f4n phong Thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i r\u1ea5t l\u1ea1 tai v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 vua (v\u00e0 h\u1eb3n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1ea1 tai v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft Ph\u1eadt T\u1eed). \u0110o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa vua V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf v\u00e0 B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma nh\u01b0 sau, theo b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch trong s\u00e1ch “33 V\u1ecb T\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Hoa” c\u1ee7a HT Th\u00edch Thanh T\u1eeb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vua V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf h\u1ecfi: Tr\u1ea9m t\u1eeb l\u00ean ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn nay th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea5t ch\u00f9a, ch\u00e9p kinh, \u0111\u1ed9 T\u0103ng ni, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau, v\u1eady c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c g\u00ec ch\u0103ng? <\/span>
\n Ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma \u0111\u00e1p: \u0110\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c. <\/span>
\n – T\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c? <\/span>
\n – B\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y l\u00e0 nh\u01a1n h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o nh\u1ecf \u1edf c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng theo h\u00ecnh, tuy c\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt. <\/span>
\n – Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt? <\/span>
\n \u2013 Tr\u00ed thanh t\u1ecbnh tr\u00f2n m\u1ea7u, th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng l\u1eb7ng, c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u1eb3ng do th\u1ebf gian m\u00e0 c\u1ea7u. <\/span>
\n – Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/strong> ngh\u0129a th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t?<\/span>
\n – R\u1ed7ng rang kh\u00f4ng th\u00e1nh<\/strong>. <\/span>
\n – \u0110\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi tr\u1ea9m l\u00e0 ai? <\/span>
\n \u2013 Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 sau c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u00edch b\u1ea3n Anh d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Jeffrey L. Broughton.<\/span><\/p>\n

Emperor Wu: “So what is the highest meaning of noble truth<\/strong>?”
\nBodhidharma: “There is no noble truth<\/strong>, there is only emptiness<\/strong>.”
\nEmperor Wu: “Then, who is standing before me?”
\nBodhidharma: “I know not<\/strong>, Your Majesty.”<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i cho h\u1ee3p tai vua, h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 n\u00ean d\u1ef1a theo Kinh Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 T\u1ee9 Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ebf (Kh\u1ed5, T\u1eadp, Di\u1ec7t, \u0110\u1ea1o). Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 s\u01b0 l\u1ea1i d\u00e1m b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ebf n\u00e0o, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i r\u1ed7ng rang v\u00f4 th\u00e1nh. Cho n\u00ean, nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 m\u1edbi b\u1ecb vua l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea1t. Thi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc, v\u00ec vua V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf r\u1ea5t m\u1ef1c m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o, \u0111\u00e3 4 l\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t gia ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n. T\u00ecm \u0111\u00e2u ra m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng vua xu\u1ea5t gia t\u1edbi 4 l\u1ea7n, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t gia ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n? C\u00f3 l\u1ebd ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma bi\u1ebft vua thu\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o, t\u1eebng m\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t gia ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, cho n\u00ean m\u1edbi \u0111em di\u1ec7u l\u00fd r\u1ea5t m\u1ef1c vi di\u1ec7u ra n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Th\u1eadt ti\u1ebfc. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, trong khi ch\u00f9a cao, t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u00e0o \u1ea1t, nh\u1ee1 c\u00f3 s\u01b0 n\u00e0o n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 v\u00f4 \u00edch th\u00f4i, th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hoan h\u1ef7.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i, s\u1eed s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eddi sau k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma \u0111i t\u1edbi Ch\u00f9a Thi\u1ebfu L\u00e2m. S\u00e1ch k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng cho v\u00e0o, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn r\u1ed3i tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t ra, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t hang \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, n\u01a1i ng\u00e0i \u201cnh\u00ecn v\u00e0o v\u00e1ch trong 9 n\u0103m, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y.\u201d (Theo Boyuan Lin, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Trung Qu\u1ed1c V\u0169 Thu\u1eadt S\u1eed, in n\u0103m 1966 b\u1edfi Ng\u0169 Ch\u00e2u Xu\u1ea5t B\u1ea3n X\u00e3, \u0110\u00e0i B\u1eafc).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 v\u1ea5n. Ng\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec trong 9 n\u0103m, h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang \u00fd ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p. Th\u00eam n\u1eefa, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u00e0i theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f5 s\u01b0, n\u00ean h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 chu\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 g\u00e2n x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfng. Nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do \u0111\u1eddi sau c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7u h\u00f3a. B\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ghi l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma ng\u1ee7 g\u1ee5c 7 n\u0103m trong 9 n\u0103m nh\u00ecn v\u00e1ch, n\u00ean t\u1ef1 c\u1eaft mi m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi ng\u1ee7 g\u1ee5c, theo t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Jack Maguire trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m bi\u00ean kh\u1ea3o Essential Buddhism. C\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 v\u1ea5n. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i mi m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t, m\u1ecdc l\u00ean th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y tr\u00e0; \u0111\u1eddi sau Thi\u1ec1n sinh c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c trong khi t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i, theo s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c k\u1ec3, sau 9 n\u0103m ng\u1ed3i ng\u00f3 v\u00e1ch ngo\u00e0i hang \u0111\u1ed9ng, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c s\u01b0 m\u1eddi v\u00e0o Ch\u00f9a Thi\u1ebfu L\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y v\u00f5. L\u1ea1i c\u00f3 huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i vi\u00ean t\u1ecbch, trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u1ed3i \u1edf hang \u0111\u1ed9ng. L\u1ea1i c\u00f3 huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea1y g\u00ec cho t\u1edbi khi g\u1eb7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 gi\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 (Huike). M\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 qu\u1ef3 trong tuy\u1ebft l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 xin B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma d\u1ea1y ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf nhi\u1ec7t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1p, Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 c\u1eaft c\u00e1nh tay tr\u00e1i. Truy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7u th\u00f4i, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 sang Trung Hoa, \u0111\u00e3 gh\u00e9 Indonesia, truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba v\u00e0 v\u00f5 thu\u1eadt, m\u00f4n v\u00f5 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Silat, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f5 Pencak Silat. Truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn 150 tu\u1ed5i, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an t\u00e1ng \u1edf H\u1ed3 Nam. Sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u0103ng \u0111i h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 g\u1eb7p B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma tr\u00ean n\u00fai H\u00f9ng Nh\u0129. B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma, tay c\u1ea7m m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc d\u00e9p, cho bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i d\u00f2ng Thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. V\u1ec1 t\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ecb t\u0103ng n\u00e0y v\u1ed9i b\u00e1o cho \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed m\u1edf \u00e1o quan ra th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y g\u00ec c\u1ea3, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc d\u00e9p. V\u00ec t\u00edch n\u00e0y, tranh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd vai v\u00e1c g\u1eady mang m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc d\u00e9p. M\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma v\u1ec1 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed l\u1edbn — Hu\u1ec7 Kh\u1ea3, \u0110\u1ea1o D\u1ee5c, Ni T\u1ed5ng Tr\u00ec, \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00f3 \u2013 t\u1edbi kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t ch\u1ed7 s\u1edf \u0111\u1eafc.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn tr\u00ean, HT Th\u00edch Thanh T\u1eeb k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma cho h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 l\u00e0m b\u00e0i thi ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u00edch:<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u1ede Trung-Hoa g\u1ea7n ch\u00edn n\u0103m, Ng\u00e0i th\u1ea5y c\u01a1 duy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn, li\u1ec1n g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u00fang h\u1ecfi: Gi\u1edd ta tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00ean n\u00f3i ch\u1ed7 s\u1edf \u0111\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.
\n. \u0110\u1ea1o-Ph\u00f3 ra th\u01b0a: Theo ch\u1ed7 th\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a con, ch\u1eb3ng ch\u1ea5p v\u0103n t\u1ef1, ch\u1eb3ng l\u00eca v\u0103n t\u1ef1, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o; Ng\u00e0i b\u1ea3o: Ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n da c\u1ee7a ta.
\n. B\u00e0 ni T\u1ed5ng-Tr\u00ec ra th\u01b0a: Nay ch\u1ed7 hi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a con, nh\u01b0 T\u1ed5 A-Nan th\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u1eadt A-S\u00fac, ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i; Ng\u00e0i b\u1ea3o: -Ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a ta.
\n. \u0110\u1ea1o-D\u1ee5c ra th\u01b0a: B\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng, n\u0103m \u1ea5m ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3, ch\u1ed7 th\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a con kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; Ng\u00e0i b\u1ea3o: Ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ta.
\n. \u0110\u1ebfn Hu\u1ec7-Kh\u1ea3 b\u01b0\u1edbc ra \u0111\u1ea3nh l\u1ec5 Ng\u00e0i, r\u1ed3i lui l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean l\u1eb7ng; Ng\u00e0i b\u1ea3o: Ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n t\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a ta<\/em>.”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e9t \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. T\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca x\u00e9t \u0111i\u1ec3m thi ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 ra sao?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta ch\u00fa \u00fd, b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u00e0 s\u01b0 khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p v\u01b0\u01a1ng hay v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u01b0. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eaft tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tha t\u00e2m th\u00f4ng, n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o kinh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi d\u00ednh v\u00e0o b\u1eaby t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a\u00a0 t\u00e0 s\u01b0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Kinh AN 6.49, nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 Khema t\u1edbi th\u01b0a v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt: “…V\u1ecb \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: \u201cC\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ta\u201d hay \u201cC\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ta\u201d hay \u201cC\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea1 li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n ta<\/em>\u201d…” Kinh ghi th\u00eam, “T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 Khema n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, B\u1eadc \u00d0\u1ea1o S\u01b0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/em>.” R\u1ed3i ng\u00e0i Khema r\u1eddi ph\u00e1p h\u1ed9i. Ch\u1eb7p sau, nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 Sumana c\u0169ng t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a HT Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u vi\u1ebft, “T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 Sumana n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, B\u1eadc \u00d0\u1ea1o S\u01b0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/em>.” R\u1ed3i ng\u00e0i Sumana r\u1eddi ph\u00e1p h\u1ed9i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh AN 6.49 ghi r\u1eb1ng (b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 cu\u1ed1i kinh n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd ghi theo d\u1ea1ng v\u0103n xu\u00f4i cho d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc): “R\u1ed3i Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n, sau khi T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 Khema v\u00e0 T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 Sumana ra \u0111i kh\u00f4ng bao l\u00e2u, li\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo: Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n nam t\u1eed n\u00f3i l\u00ean ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed, c\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3. Tuy v\u1eady, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebb ngu n\u00f3i l\u00ean ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1ea1o m\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eafc ch\u00ed. H\u1ecd v\u1ec1 sau r\u01a1i v\u00e0o nguy h\u1ea1i.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng th\u1eafng, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1 li\u1ec7t, Kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng Ta, Nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, Kh\u00f4ng chi ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb. Sanh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t, Ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh, H\u1ecd l\u00eca b\u1ecf ki\u1ebft s\u1eed, Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/em>.” (1)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y “kh\u00f4ng ta<\/strong>” v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 c\u00e1i ta n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu l\u00e0 “ta h\u01a1n, hay ta thua, hay ta b\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/strong>“<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tu t\u1edbi c\u1ee1 n\u00e0o, b\u1eadc n\u00e0o. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y trong kinh AN 4.192 r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n nhau trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh hu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf g\u1ea7n m\u00ecnh: “…n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y do c\u1ed9ng tr\u00fa v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia, bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cTrong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i<\/strong>, v\u1ecb T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1edbi b\u1ecb b\u1ec3 v\u1ee5n, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1edbi b\u1ecb c\u1eaft x\u00e9n, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1edbi b\u1ecb v\u1ebft nh\u01a1, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1edbi b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5m, \u0111en, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, h\u1ea1nh ki\u1ec3m c\u00f3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi…” <\/em>(2)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Do v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ecb t\u0103ng n\u00e0y, v\u1ecb ni kia, c\u01b0 s\u0129 n\u1ecd tu h\u1ecdc t\u1edbi b\u1eadc n\u00e0y hay b\u1eadc kia l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n s\u1ebd sai l\u1ea7m, v\u00e0 h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u201cc\u00e1i ta, c\u00e1i t\u00f4i, c\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu, so s\u00e1nh. Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 tin v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00e0 s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7y d\u1eaby th\u1eddi nay.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e3y suy ngh\u0129 th\u00eam th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: si\u00eau \u0111\u1eb3ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i Sariputta v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra ng\u00e0i Bhaddiya l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc A La H\u00e1n, th\u00ec \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m sao d\u00e1m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c th\u1ebf n\u00e0y hay th\u1ebf kia. Kinh Ud 7.2 ghi r\u1eb1ng ngay nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i A La H\u00e1n nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i Sariputta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i Bhaddiya the Dwarf \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc A La H\u00e1n si\u00eau xu\u1ea5t. Do v\u1eady ng\u00e0i Sariputta \u0111\u00e3 “d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p – gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c, kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn t\u1ea5n ng\u00e0i Bhaddiya the Dwarf b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p tho\u1ea1i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00ec ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i Bhaddiya v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 k\u1ebb h\u1eefu h\u1ecdc<\/em>.” \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt th\u1ea5y th\u1ebf m\u1edbi can ng\u00e0i Sariputta r\u1eb1ng th\u00f4i nh\u00e9, \u0111\u1eebng d\u1ea1y n\u1eefa chi cho m\u1ec7t, v\u00ec Bhaddiya \u0111\u00e3 qua b\u1edd kia r\u1ed3i, r\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng tham \u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4 r\u1ed3i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u00ec l\u01b0u ch\u1ea3y n\u1eefa. (3)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta n\u00eau c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: c\u00f3 th\u1eadt B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf hay kh\u00f4ng? Theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma g\u1eb7p vua V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 520. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i nghe r\u1ea5t su\u00f4ng s\u1ebb, nh\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Trung Hoa nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m m\u1edbi gi\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Vi\u1ebft th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3i l\u01b0u lo\u00e1t l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00f3. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i kh\u1eafp to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef khi l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i. Chuy\u1ec7n B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma g\u1eb7p vua V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong s\u00e1ch l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 758 do ng\u00e0i Th\u1ea7n H\u1ed9i (Shen-hui), h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Hu\u1ec7 N\u0103ng (Huineng), ghi v\u00e0o s\u00e1ch. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, t\u1eeb khi g\u1eb7p t\u1edbi khi ghi v\u00e0o s\u00e1ch l\u00e0 h\u01a1n 230 n\u0103m. Tr\u00ed nh\u1edb tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eddi k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch ghi l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 hai v\u1ecb c\u00f3 g\u1eb7p nhau, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i c\u00f3 y nh\u01b0 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i trong Thi\u1ec1n s\u1eed nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u0169ng l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 v\u1ea5n. D\u00f9 v\u1eady c\u00e1c Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 c\u00f3 l\u00fd l\u1ebd ri\u00eang: m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u0169 u\u1ea9n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta trong c\u00f5i n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i hay sao<\/strong>. Th\u00e2n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1eadt sao? T\u00e2m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1eadt sao? Th\u00e2n t\u00e2m v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, v\u00ec th\u00e2n t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh sinh di\u1ec7t ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft t\u1eebng kho\u1ea3ng kh\u1eafc, l\u00e0m sao n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, h\u1eefu v\u1edbi v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft, th\u00f4i th\u00ec \u0111\u00e0nh n\u00edn b\u1eb7t. B\u1edfi v\u00ec trong t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 g\u00ec g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh l\u01b0u ch\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0ng ngh\u1ec9<\/strong>. L\u1ea5y g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra l\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1eadt n\u00e0y, hay v\u1eadt kia? C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 s\u01b0 ghi l\u1ea1i trong t\u1eafc 33 c\u1ee7a V\u00f4 M\u00f4n Quan l\u00e0 \u201cPhi t\u00e2m, phi Ph\u1eadt\u201d (Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00e2m, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i Ph\u1eadt) v\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh. Ng\u00e0i V\u00f4 M\u00f4n (1183 – 1260) b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn \u1edf t\u1eafc 33 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u201cgan ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n\u201d v\u00e0 h\u1ec5 th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y th\u00ec l\u00e0 tu Thi\u1ec1n xong r\u1ed3i. T\u1eafc 33 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 t\u1eafc 30 c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, l\u00e0 \u201cT\u1ee9c t\u00e2m, t\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt\u201d (Ngay t\u00e2m n\u00e0y, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt); b\u1edfi v\u00ec l\u00eca t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt; ng\u00e0i V\u00f4 M\u00f4n b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec3u t\u1eadn t\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eb7c \u00e1o, \u0103n c\u01a1m, n\u00f3i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m y nh\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1edbng (hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng hay b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u \u201cphi t\u00e2m, phi Ph\u1eadt\u201d).<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Thi\u1ebfu Th\u1ea5t L\u1ee5c M\u00f4n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0i Tr\u00fac Thi\u00ean d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 S\u00e1u C\u1eeda V\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng Thi\u1ebfu Th\u1ea5t. Trong n\u00e0y chia l\u00e0m 6 c\u1eeda v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o: (1) T\u00e2m kinh t\u1ee5ng: t\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 B\u00e1t nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m kinh; (2) Ph\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edbng lu\u1eadn: lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ph\u00e9p ph\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edbng; (3) Nh\u1ecb ch\u1ee7ng nh\u1eadp: hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o; (4) An t\u00e2m ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n: ph\u00e9p an t\u00e2m; (5) Ng\u1ed9 t\u00e1nh lu\u1eadn: lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ph\u00e9p th\u1ea5y t\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt; (6) Huy\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch lu\u1eadn: lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt. H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Thanh T\u1eeb c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 so\u1ea1n t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201cS\u00e1u C\u1eeda V\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng Thi\u1ebfu Th\u1ea5t Gi\u1ea3ng Gi\u1ea3i,\u201d v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u1ea1y thi\u1ec1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eafc m\u1eafc: Khi V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf h\u1ecfi \u00fd ngh\u0129a cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ebf, h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi n\u00e0o ch\u0103ng? Theo l\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u1eddng, ai c\u0169ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 T\u1ee9 Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ebf (Kh\u1ed5, T\u1eadp, Di\u1ec7t, \u0110\u1ea1o), v\u1eady th\u00ec \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u1ed9t c\u00f9ng Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ebf l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd h\u1ecfi th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, v\u00ec n\u1ebfu h\u1ecfi th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, th\u00ec tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi s\u1ebd l\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5 \u0110\u1ebf l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ebf th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean, V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecfi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ebf \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u1ed9t c\u00f9ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 h\u00e0m \u00fd kh\u00e1c. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma m\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e1n ra \u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/strong> ngh\u0129a th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t?<\/span>
\n – R\u1ed7ng rang kh\u00f4ng th\u00e1nh<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9c l\u00e0, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng, l\u00e0 r\u1ed7ng rang. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng: v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e1nh, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e0m. Ch\u00fang ta t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf trong nh\u00f3m Kinh Nh\u1eadt T\u1ee5ng S\u01a1 Th\u1eddi (4)<\/strong>, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kinh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt cho ch\u01b0 t\u0103ng t\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi r\u1eb1ng nh\u00f3m Kinh Nh\u1eadt T\u1ee5ng S\u01a1 Th\u1eddi (KNTST) l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ed1n Ng\u1ed9, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea5u v\u00edu. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 nh\u00f3m kinh n\u00e0y, trong t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. Kinh Sn 5.15 (Mogharaja-manava-puccha C\u00e1c C\u00e2u H\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a Mogharaja) trong nh\u00f3m Kinh Nh\u1eadt T\u1ee5ng S\u01a1 Th\u1eddi ghi l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec5 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y n\u1ed9i x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i x\u1ee9 r\u1ed7ng rang Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh th\u00ec l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, tr\u00edch:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c1119. [\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt] H\u1ee1i Mogharaja, h\u00e3y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 r\u1ed7ng rang, v\u1edbi c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ee9ng g\u1ed1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft. Th\u1ea7n Ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/em>\u201d (4)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng nh\u00ecn ra th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tu g\u00ec h\u1ebft. B\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 th\u00ec l\u1ea5y ng\u00e3 n\u00e0o m\u00e0 tu n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 an tr\u00fa trong Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh?<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Kinh T\u0103ng Nh\u1ea5t A H\u00e0m EA 45.6, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Tu\u1ec7 S\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Th\u1ea7y \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh (v\u00f4 s\u1edf tr\u1ee5) g\u00ec v\u00e0o t\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edbng (ng\u00e3, nh\u00e2n, th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng, ch\u00fang sinh) th\u00ec s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y h\u00e0nh r\u1ed7ng rang, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 xong, tr\u00edch:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cPh\u1eadt b\u1ea3o X\u00e1-l\u1ee3i-ph\u1ea5t: \u201cL\u00e0nh thay, l\u00e0nh thay, nh\u01b0 X\u00e1-l\u1ee3i-ph\u1ea5t m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 an tr\u00fa n\u01a1i Kh\u00f4ng tam-mu\u1ed9i. V\u00ec sao v\u1eady? Trong c\u00e1c tam-mu\u1ed9i, Kh\u00f4ng tam-mu\u1ed9i l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t. <\/strong>T\u1ef3 kheo an tr\u00fa Kh\u00f4ng tam-mu\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e3, nh\u00e2n, th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ch\u00fang sinh, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n m\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh<\/strong>. Do kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh. Do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1i sinh \u0111\u1eddi sau… \u00a0\u201cX\u00e1-l\u1ee3i-ph\u1ea5t, do ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u00e0y m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Kh\u00f4ng tam-mu\u1ed9i l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c tam-mu\u1ed9i. Vua trong c\u00e1c tam-mu\u1ed9i l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng tam-mu\u1ed9i v\u1eady<\/em>.\u201d (5)<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 do duy\u00ean sinh, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt g\u00ec, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o, y h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u00e0n kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u duy\u00ean, v\u00e0 ch\u1ebb ra tr\u0103m m\u1ea3nh c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u00e0n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u t\u1edbi v\u00e0 s\u1ebd v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2u. Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c trong nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft n\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tu g\u00ec kh\u00e1c. Kinh T\u1ea1p A H\u00e0m SA 335, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch hai Th\u1ea7y Tu\u1ec7 S\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng, tr\u00edch:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 kinh \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng? N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef3-kheo, khi m\u1eaft sanh th\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ebfn; l\u00fac di\u1ec7t th\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111i. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1eaft ch\u1eb3ng th\u1eadt sanh, sanh r\u1ed3i di\u1ec7t m\u1ea5t; c\u00f3 nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/em>.\u201d (6)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa vua L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma c\u00f2n c\u00e2u n\u00e0y:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c- \u0110\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi tr\u1ea9m l\u00e0 ai? <\/span>
\n \u2013 Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft<\/strong>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng Vua \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1eeb l\u00e2u v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb s\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd nghe n\u00f3i n\u0103ng k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, Vua mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecfi trong n\u1ed7i ng\u1edd v\u1ef1c, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh hay ph\u00e0m, hay l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quan. B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u201cKh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft.\u201d Trong Kinh Lu\u1eadn nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 ghi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ch\u1eef \u201cai \u0111\u00e2y, ai \u0111\u00f3, ai v\u1eady\u201d k\u00eca.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Ph\u1eadt ghi l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 ch\u1eef \u201cai\u201d b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ec5 kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o suy ngh\u0129 c\u00f3 t\u00f4i, c\u00f3 ta, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Kinh AN 4.36 ghi \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, Thi\u00ean t\u1eed Dona h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u1eddi, hay l\u00e0 c\u00e0n th\u00e1t b\u00e0, hay l\u00e0 d\u1ea1 xoa (th\u1ea7n h\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p), hay l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u2026 th\u00ec \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt. \u0110o\u1ea1n kinh n\u00e0y nghe nh\u01b0 \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/strong>, hi\u1ec7n kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c c\u00f5i nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1eadn s\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba n\u00f3i t\u1edbi:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u2014N\u00e0y B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c, Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 th\u00e2n c\u00e2y ta-la, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sanh kh\u1edfi trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. N\u00e0y B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c, Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 C\u00e0n-th\u00e1t-b\u00e0, Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 D\u1ea1-xoa, Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eb7t d\u1ee9t t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 th\u00e2n c\u00e2y ta-la, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sanh kh\u1edfi trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. V\u00ed nh\u01b0, n\u00e0y B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n, b\u00f4ng sen xanh, hay b\u00f4ng sen h\u1ed3ng, hay b\u00f4ng sen tr\u1eafng, sanh ra trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, n\u00e0y B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n sanh ta trong \u0111\u1eddi, l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong \u0111\u1eddi, Ta s\u1ed1ng chinh ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt. N\u00e0y B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n, Ta l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt, h\u00e3y nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u1ecd tr\u00ec<\/em>.\u201d (7)<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ai, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 sa m\u00f4n hay b\u00e0 la m\u00f4n\u2026 Trong m\u1ed9t Kinh kh\u00e1c, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t l\u00e0 khi th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u00e0 La M\u00f4n n\u00e0o n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ai, kh\u00f4ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i sa-m\u00f4n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i B\u00e0 La M\u00f4n th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eafng tri s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt trong ph\u00e1p tu \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt g\u00ec<\/strong>\u201d (HT Minh Ch\u00e2u d\u1ecbch), hay l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch theo Bhikkhu Sujato l\u00e0 \u201cthey simply practice the path of nothingness<\/strong>, having had insight into the truth of that<\/em>\u201d (h\u1ecd \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n tu theo l\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o, nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng. Kinh AN 4.185 ghi l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a HT Minh Ch\u00e2u:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cL\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c du s\u0129, ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cTa kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 thu\u1ed9c ai, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00e0 g\u00ec. Trong \u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ta, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00e0 g\u00ec\u201d. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 n\u00f3i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u00e1o. Do v\u1eady, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cSa-m\u00f4n\u201d, kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cB\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n\u201d, kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn: \u201cTa h\u01a1n (c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c)\u201d, kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn: \u201cTa b\u1eb1ng (c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c)\u201d, kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn: \u201cTa l\u00e0 h\u1ea1 li\u1ec7t\u201d. L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa do th\u1eafng tri s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y, (trong l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u1ea5y) ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt g\u00ec<\/em>.\u201d (8)<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, l\u00e0m sao n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 g\u00ec, v\u00ec qua m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y g\u00ec g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 sanh hay kh\u00f4ng sanh, sinh hay v\u00f4 sinh, h\u1eefu hay v\u00f4, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y g\u00ec g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y Nam B\u1eafc, nh\u01b0 trong Kinh SA 962, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch hai th\u1ea7y Tu\u1ec7 S\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u2026\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ki\u1ebfn, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ecd, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 sanh, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 ng\u00e3, ng\u00e3 s\u1edf, ng\u00e3 m\u1ea1n k\u1ebft s\u1eed, \u0111\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn cho \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t, t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh, m\u00e1t m\u1ebb, ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u1ef3-kheo gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, sanh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, kh\u00f4ng sanh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang<\/strong><\/em>.\u201d (9)<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ch\u1eef \u201cai\u201d trong nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt. Trong kinh SN 12.12, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 Moliya-Phagguna h\u1ecfi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt r\u1eb1ng ai \u0103n th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c, ai c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, ai c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd, ai kh\u00e1t \u00e1i, ai ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7\u2026 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 duy\u00ean sanh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ai, tr\u00edch b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a HT Minh Ch\u00e2u:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 Moliya-Phagguna b\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n: B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n, ai \u0103n th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c?<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n \u0111\u00e1p: C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i: \u201cC\u00f3 ai \u0103n\u201d. N\u1ebfu Ta n\u00f3i: \u201cC\u00f3 k\u1ebb \u0103n\u201d, th\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: \u201cC\u00f3 ai \u0103n\u201d l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Nh\u01b0ng Ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. V\u00e0 v\u00ec Ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ai h\u1ecfi Ta: \u201cB\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n, th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 cho ai?\u201d, th\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u1ea5y th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cTh\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 duy\u00ean cho s\u1ef1 sanh th\u00e0nh, cho s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sanh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Khi c\u00e1i \u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu, c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t th\u1eddi s\u00e1u x\u1ee9 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t. Do duy\u00ean s\u00e1u x\u1ee9, x\u00fac c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t\u201d<\/em>\u2026\u201d (Tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi ai c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, ai c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd, ai kh\u00e1t \u00e1i, ai ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7) (10)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00eau c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed Vua L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ch\u1ec9 ngay khi nghe m\u1ea5y c\u00e2u n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma, v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p Thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i tu ki\u1ec3u y h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ta, kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u01b0a? Ch\u01b0a. Kinh d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng c\u0169ng y h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 \u00e1o gi\u1eb7t s\u1ea1ch xong, nh\u01b0ng \u00e1o v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u00f9i, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n h\u1ebft m\u00f9i tr\u1ea7n gian th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m x\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbp (ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u201cd\u01b0 t\u00e0n ng\u00e3 t\u00f9y mi\u00ean<\/em>\u201d — underlying tendency towards \u2018I am\u2019<\/em>.). Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Thi\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ed1n Ng\u1ed9 l\u00e0: ng\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ed3i tu sau. \u00dd ch\u1ec9 Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9 trong Kinh SA 103. Th\u00eam n\u1eefa, tu ph\u00e1p th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh th\u00e2n<\/strong>. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean, ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh th\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng tu l\u00e0 s\u1ebd ch\u1eefa h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nan y nh\u01b0 ung th\u01b0, v\u00ec c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta tr\u00edch Kinh SA 103 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a hai Th\u1ea7y Tu\u1ec7 S\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng, n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i Sai-ma b\u1ec7nh th\u00ea th\u1ea3m, \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u1ea5y v\u00f4 ng\u00e3, th\u1ea5y v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 s\u1edf nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0 t\u00e0n ng\u00e3 t\u00f9y mi\u00ean v\u1eabn c\u00f2n (nh\u01b0 \u00e1o s\u1ea1ch r\u1ed3i, nh\u01b0ng m\u00f9i h\u00f4i c\u00f2n) v\u00e0 khi n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p cho c\u00e1c s\u01b0 kh\u00e1c xong, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. Kinh vi\u1ebft:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u1ef3-kheo Sai-ma n\u00f3i v\u1edbi T\u1ef3-kheo \u0110\u00e0-sa r\u1eb1ng: \u201cB\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng b\u1edbt, th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an \u1ed5n, c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 kh\u1ed5 b\u1ee9c b\u00e1ch c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng th\u00eam, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee9u n\u1ed5i. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh b\u1eaft l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ea7y y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i, d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y tr\u00f3i ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f9ng hai tay, r\u1ed3i si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t l\u00e0m cho \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f2n h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia n\u1eefa. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng dao b\u00e9n m\u1ed5 b\u1ee5ng b\u00f2 l\u1ea5y n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng n\u00f3 ra; s\u1ef1 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn b\u1ee5ng con b\u00f2 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i, c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn b\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 \u0111au c\u1ee7a con b\u00f2 kia. Nh\u01b0 hai l\u1ef1c s\u0129 b\u1eaft m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i treo l\u00ean tr\u00ean l\u1eeda r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed1t hai ch\u00e2n h\u1ecd, hi\u1ec7n nay hai ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f2n n\u00f3ng h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

… T\u1ef3-kheo Sai-ma l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i: \u201cV\u1eady th\u00ec ng\u00e3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eafc l\u00e0 ng\u00e3, ng\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca s\u1eafc v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u00e3, ng\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca th\u1ee9c; nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103m th\u1ecd \u1ea5m, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u00e3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u00e3 s\u1edf, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e3 m\u1ea1n, ng\u00e3 d\u1ee5c, ng\u00e3 s\u1eed t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1ebft, ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft r\u00f5, ch\u01b0a xa l\u00eca, ch\u01b0a nh\u00e0m t\u1edfm, ch\u01b0a nh\u1ed5 ra h\u1ebft.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e1c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda h\u00e3y nghe t\u00f4i n\u00f3i th\u00ed d\u1ee5, v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed nh\u1edd th\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u0169 m\u1eabu giao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eb7t. H\u1ecd gi\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc tro, tuy c\u00f3 s\u1ea1ch b\u1ee5i nh\u01a1, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u00f9i. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n h\u1ebft m\u00f9i n\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m x\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbp. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, \u0111a v\u0103n Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed xa l\u00eca n\u0103m th\u1ecd \u1ea5m, qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u00e3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u00e3 s\u1edf, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103m th\u1ecd \u1ea5m, ng\u00e3 m\u1ea1n, ng\u00e3 d\u1ee5c, ng\u00e3 s\u1eed ch\u01b0a \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1ebft, ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft r\u00f5, ch\u01b0a xa l\u00eca, ch\u01b0a nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103m th\u1ecd \u1ea5m sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ecb \u1ea5y t\u01b0 duy th\u00eam n\u1eefa, qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t s\u1ef1 sanh di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, r\u1eb1ng: \u2018\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1eafc; \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi\u2026 th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn c\u1ee7a\u2026 th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103m th\u1ecd \u1ea5m khi \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t s\u1ef1 sanh di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady r\u1ed3i, th\u00ec ng\u00e3 m\u1ea1n, ng\u00e3 d\u1ee5c, ng\u00e3 s\u1eed, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau tr\u1eeb. \u0110\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Khi T\u1ef3-kheo Sai-ma n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, th\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda xa l\u00eca \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong s\u1ea1ch m\u1eaft ph\u00e1p. T\u1ef3-kheo Sai-ma nh\u1edd kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c, n\u00ean t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. V\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an vui l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u01a1i ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p n\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau tr\u1eeb.\u201d<\/em> (11)<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 b\u1ec7nh th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c, r\u1eb1ng tuy n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y trong kinh, d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 minh t\u1eeb tr\u0103m ki\u1ebfp ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ec k\u00e9o ch\u00fang ta tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tinh t\u1ea5n. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u00e0i C\u00f9 \u0110\u1ec1 Ca cho th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c n\u00e0y: \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n b\u1ecb tho\u00e1i chuy\u1ec3n. Kinh SA 1091, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch hai Th\u1ea7y Tu\u1ec7 S\u1ef9, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng tr\u00edch nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cM\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u1edf n\u01a1i th\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1, n\u00fai T\u1ef3-b\u00e0-la trong r\u1eebng Th\u1ea5t di\u1ec7p th\u1ecd, th\u00e0nh V\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e1. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, c\u00f3 T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 C\u00f9-\u0111\u1ec1-ca c\u0169ng \u1edf th\u00e0nh V\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e1, trong hang \u0110\u00e1 \u0111en b\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn n\u00fai Ti\u00ean nh\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh t\u01b0 duy, tu h\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi, nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n b\u1ecb tho\u00e1i chuy\u1ec3n.<\/strong> L\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, th\u1ee9 hai, ba, b\u1ed1n, n\u0103m, s\u00e1u, tr\u1edf \u0111i, tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i; sau khi t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n t\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi, ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u l\u1ea1i tho\u00e1i chuy\u1ec3n.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 C\u00f9-\u0111\u1ec1-ca t\u1ef1 ngh\u0129: \u2018M\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh ta \u1edf ch\u1ed7 v\u1eafng t\u01b0 duy, h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt, tinh t\u1ea5n tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i \u00edch, khi t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi, m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n tho\u00e1i chuy\u1ec3n, cho \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1u l\u1ea7n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tho\u00e1i chuy\u1ec3n l\u1ea1i. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, ta n\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111ao t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t ch\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 cho tho\u00e1i chuy\u1ec3n l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y<\/em>.\u2019\u2026\u201d (12)<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u201cKh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft<\/strong>\u201d c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma l\u1ea1i mang nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u0129a. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd, trong khi ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m to\u00e1n, v\u1ebd tranh, cu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea5t\u2026 s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 ni\u1ec7m tham s\u00e2n si n\u00e0o kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong t\u00e2m, ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng l\u00fac n\u00e0y th\u1eddi gian nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u201cng\u00e3 t\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d n\u00e0o. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft\u201d \u2013 hay \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi \u201ct\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft\u201d v\u00ec t\u00e2m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i v\u00f4 danh, c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u00e1i unknown ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng hi\u1ec7n ra v\u00e0 \u0111ang hi\u1ec7n ra t\u1eebng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc trong t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0ng khi ch\u00fang ta suy t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m xong b\u00e0i to\u00e1n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u00fang gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u1ebd tranh kia s\u1ebd b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0n \u0111\u00f4la, cu\u1ed1c kho\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u1ecd v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e0o tr\u00fang h\u0169 v\u00e0ng\u2026 th\u00ec l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e3 t\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7n ra trong t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian hi\u1ec7n ra, l\u00e0m s\u1ed1t ru\u1ed9t h\u01a1n, th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c ch\u00fang ta m\u01b0u t\u00ednh h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi th\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y, v\u00e0 nghe ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nghe, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u00ec hi\u1ec7n l\u00ean trong t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 hay hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i hay v\u1ecb lai. Ch\u00ednh \u201ct\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft<\/strong>\u201d l\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ni\u1ec7m kh\u1edfi, khi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o t\u00e2m khi ni\u1ec7m ch\u01b0a kh\u1edfi.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi \u201ct\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft\u201d c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng. Ch\u1eef x\u01b0a c\u00f3 n\u01a1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 n\u01a1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1eef r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u00fac n\u00e0o, h\u1ec5 n\u00f3i l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng \u201cKh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft\u201d th\u00ec ngay khi \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 nghe d\u1ee9t b\u1eb7t m\u1ecdi \u01b0u s\u1ea7u lo ngh\u0129, kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea5y ch\u00fat ni\u1ec7m tham s\u00e2n si n\u00e0o. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma v\u00e0 vua V\u0169 \u0110\u1ebf c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 sau, ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma ch\u1ecdn T\u00e2m Kinh l\u00e0m c\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o trong s\u00e1ch Thi\u1ebfu Th\u1ea5t L\u1ee5c M\u00f4n. Nh\u00ecn cho t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda hay hai c\u1eeda, hay s\u00e1u c\u1eeda v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o. B\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u1eeda v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o. Nhi\u1ec1u kinh n\u00f3i ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ni\u1ec7m v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, ho\u1eb7c ni\u1ec7m v\u00f4 ng\u00e3, ho\u1eb7c ni\u1ec7m t\u1eed (s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft), ho\u1eb7c ni\u1ec7m th\u00e2n b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh (\u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ea3 ly). ho\u1eb7c ni\u1ec7m h\u01a1i th\u1edf, ho\u1eb7c ni\u1ec7m th\u00e2n, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ee9 ni\u1ec7m x\u1ee9, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1eefa… nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o t\u00e2m. Kinh n\u00f3i, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ly tham l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc qu\u1ea3 B\u1ea5t Ho\u00e0n (kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00f5i n\u00e0y). Trong Lu\u1eadn Ph\u00e1 T\u01b0\u1edbng, ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i t\u00e2m v\u00f4 minh c\u00f3 84.000 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 t\u1eeb ba \u0111\u1ed9c l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 ba \u0111\u1ed9c ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tham s\u00e2n si. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t xong, th\u00ec th\u1ea5y nghe hay bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 84.000 c\u1eeda v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e1m v\u1ea1n b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0n ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta t\u00f3m t\u1eaft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u00fd trong T\u00e2m Kinh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn: n\u0103m u\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. S\u1eafc ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec s\u1eafc, s\u1eafc ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1eafc, th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. T\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ch\u1eb3ng sinh ch\u1eb3ng di\u1ec7t, ch\u1eb3ng nh\u01a1 ch\u1eb3ng s\u1ea1ch, ch\u1eb3ng th\u00eam ch\u1eb3ng b\u1edbt; trong c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eafc, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eaft, tai, m\u0169i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i, th\u00e2n \u00fd. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eafc, thanh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb, x\u00fac ph\u00e1p. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n gi\u1edbi cho \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00f4 minh, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ebft v\u00f4 minh. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e0 ch\u1ebft, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ebft gi\u00e0 ch\u1ebft. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ed5, t\u1eadp, di\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ea1o. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ed c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eafc, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1edf \u0111\u1eafc.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau khi kinh n\u00f3i n\u0103m u\u1ea9n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, r\u1ed3i n\u00f3i chi ti\u1ebft s\u1eafc th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 n\u00f3i chi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. T\u00e2m Kinh n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ch\u1eef s\u1eafc tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, v\u00ec s\u1eafc l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta (s\u1eafc g\u1ed3m: s\u1eafc thanh h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb x\u00fac ph\u00e1p \u2013 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, s\u1eafc g\u1ed3m: c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe, c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eedi, c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfm, c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1m x\u00fac, c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1eddng).<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Ph\u00e1p C\u00fa, b\u00e0i K\u1ec7 170, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch HT Minh Ch\u00e2u vi\u1ebft: “H\u00e3y nh\u00ecn nh\u01b0 b\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc, H\u00e3y nh\u00ecn nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3nh huy\u1ec5n! Qu\u00e1n nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, Th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p<\/em>.” Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, nh\u00ecn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y (t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe\u2026) \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 b\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n \u1ea3o. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0: s\u1eafc th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng (hi\u1ec3u kh\u00f4ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y theo ngh\u0129a: th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng, l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbng).<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y trong Kinh SN 22.95, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch HT Minh Ch\u00e2u: \u201cDo v\u1ecb T\u1ef7-kheo nh\u00ecn chuy\u00ean ch\u00fa, nh\u01b0 l\u00fd qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t s\u1eafc, s\u1eafc \u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 ra l\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 ra l\u00e0 r\u1ed7ng kh\u00f4ng, hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 ra l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00f5i c\u1ee9ng. L\u00e0m sao, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 l\u00f5i c\u1ee9ng trong s\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? V\u00ed nh\u01b0, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, trong m\u00f9a thu, khi tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u01b0a l\u1edbn, tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c bong b\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1ed3i tan bi\u1ebfn. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn chuy\u00ean ch\u00fa, nh\u01b0 l\u00fd qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t n\u00f3, bong b\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 ra l\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 ra l\u00e0 r\u1ed7ng kh\u00f4ng, hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 ra l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00f5i c\u1ee9ng<\/em>\u2026 [t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c]\u201d (13)<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh v\u1eeba d\u1eabn, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n<\/strong>: \u201cS\u1eafc v\u00ed v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1ng b\u1ecdt, Th\u1ecd v\u00ed bong b\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, T\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00ed r\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, H\u00e0nh v\u00ed v\u1edbi c\u00e2y chu\u1ed1i, Th\u1ee9c v\u00ed v\u1edbi \u1ea3o thu\u1eadt… N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady chuy\u00ean ch\u00fa, Nh\u01b0 l\u00fd ch\u01a1n qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t, Nh\u01b0 l\u00fd nh\u00ecn c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, Hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 t\u00e1nh tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng<\/em>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u01a1i s\u00e2n, n\u01a1i v\u01b0\u1eddn, n\u01a1i g\u00f3c n\u00fai… th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean m\u01b0a gi\u00f3 \u1eadp t\u1edbi, tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u01b0a bay \u00e0o \u1ea1t, b\u00ean tai l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng gi\u00f3 g\u00e0o, c\u00e2y l\u00e1 x\u00e0o x\u1ea1c… c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd l\u00e0 l\u1ea1nh v\u00ec m\u01b0a. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd m\u01b0a t\u1ea1nh, tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft hi\u1ec7n ra kh\u00f4ng m\u01b0a, b\u00ean tai v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfng gi\u00f3, ti\u1ebfng l\u00e1. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, b\u00ean tai. Y h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 m\u00e2y tan th\u00ec b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n ra. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 do duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3, v\u00ec l\u00e0 c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng (kh\u00f4ng m\u01b0a, kh\u00f4ng gi\u00f3) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1i c\u00f3 (c\u00f3 m\u01b0a, c\u00f3 gi\u00f3); c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i c\u00f3, th\u00ec c\u00e1i C\u00f3\/Kh\u00f4ng (H\u1eefu\/V\u00f4) \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1eefu vi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1i T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3n nhi\u00ean bao tr\u00f9m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1i “m\u01b0a\/kh\u00f4ng m\u01b0a” hay bao tr\u00f9m C\u00f3\/Kh\u00f4ng (H\u1eefu\/V\u00f4) l\u00e0 c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 vi, c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng, b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u00e2m b\u1ea3n nhi\u00ean n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0 Kinh Kim Cang d\u1ea1y: \u01b0ng v\u00f4 s\u1edf tr\u1ee5 nhi sanh k\u1ef3 t\u00e2m<\/em> (khi t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u h\u1ebft, th\u00ec c\u00e1i t\u00e2m k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9). Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Kinh Ph\u00e1p B\u1ea3o \u0110\u00e0n ghi: \u0110\u1ed1i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m<\/em>; hay ghi l\u1eddi L\u1ee5c T\u1ed5 Hu\u1ec7 N\u0103ng d\u1ea1y Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ecda Minh: d\u1ee9t h\u1ebft tr\u1ea7n duy\u00ean, ch\u1edb sinh ni\u1ec7m t\u01b0\u1edfng, kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 thi\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u00e1c, ch\u00ednh khi \u0111\u00f3, khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ecda Minh hi\u1ec7n ra v\u1eady<\/em>. Kinh Bahiya Sutta c\u0169ng ghi l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y Bahiya c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn xa l\u00eca c\u1ea3 c\u00f3\/kh\u00f4ng: h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe, c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd\u2026 th\u00ec Bahiya, \u00f4ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi sau, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi ch\u1eb7ng gi\u1eefa, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn kh\u1ed5 \u0111au.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi qu\u00e1n nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn ra c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n, c\u00e1i t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb duy\u00ean n\u00e0o m\u00e0 c\u00f3,<\/strong> qua Kinh SA 273, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a hai Th\u1ea7y Tu\u1ec7 S\u1ef9, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng, tr\u00edch:<\/span><\/p>\n

“N\u00e0y T\u1ef3-kheo, th\u00ed nh\u01b0 hai tay ch\u1eadp l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh \u00e2m thanh, c\u0169ng v\u1eady duy\u00ean m\u1eaft v\u00e0 s\u1eafc sanh ra nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c. Ba s\u1ef1 n\u00e0y h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p sanh ra x\u00fac, x\u00fac sanh ra th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0. C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u00e3, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ng\u00e3 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng; ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i an \u1ed5n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ng\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch. V\u00ec sao? N\u00e0y T\u1ef3-kheo, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p th\u1ecd sanh c\u00f3 sanh, gi\u00e0, ch\u1ebft, ti\u00eau m\u1ea5t.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00e0y T\u1ef3-kheo, c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n, nh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng n\u1eafng, trong kho\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t na, t\u00e0n l\u1ee5i, kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt \u0111i. Cho n\u00ean T\u1ef3-kheo, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft, n\u00ean hoan h\u1ef7, n\u00ean suy ni\u1ec7m r\u1eb1ng, tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n, v\u0129nh h\u1eb1ng, \u1ed5n tr\u1ee5, ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch; tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u00e3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u00e3 s\u1edf.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eaft s\u00e1ng tay c\u1ea7m \u0111\u00e8n s\u00e1ng v\u00e0o trong nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng, xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1i nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng \u1ea5y. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, T\u1ef3-kheo, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, t\u00e2m qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t, hoan h\u1ef7, r\u1eb1ng tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh. Tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 ng\u00e3 s\u1edf, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0) th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n, v\u0129nh h\u1eb1ng, \u1ed5n tr\u1ee5, ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, m\u1eaft, tai, m\u0169i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i, th\u00e2n, \u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean sanh ra \u00fd th\u1ee9c, ba s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh x\u00fac, x\u00fac sanh ra th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0. C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y v\u00f4 ng\u00e3, v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, chi ti\u1ebft cho \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng, v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 ng\u00e3 s\u1edf.”<\/em> (14)<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 xong h\u01a1n n\u1eeda b\u00e0i T\u00e2m Kinh. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd T\u00e2m Kinh th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng: \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00f4 minh, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ebft v\u00f4 minh. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e0 ch\u1ebft, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ebft gi\u00e0 ch\u1ebft. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ed5, t\u1eadp, di\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ea1o. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ed c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eafc, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1edf \u0111\u1eafc.\u201d V\u00ec trong th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1eadp Nh\u1ecb Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean (kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 v\u00f4 minh), kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 T\u1ee9 Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ebf (gi\u00e0 ch\u1ebft\u2026 Kh\u1ed5 T\u1eadp Di\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ea1o), kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t \u0110\u1ea1o (tr\u00ed l\u00e0 chi cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a L\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ed9: B\u1ed1 Th\u00ed, Tr\u00ec Gi\u1edbi, Nh\u1eabn Nh\u1ee5c, Thi\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ecbnh, Tr\u00ed Hu\u1ec7), kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc qu\u1ea3 Th\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong nh\u00f3m Kinh T\u1eadp, thu\u1ed9c Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9 Kinh, c\u00f3 Kinh Sn 1.1 (Uraga Sutta) g\u1ed3m 17 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7, l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u \u201ct\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/em>\u201d (All this is unreal<\/strong>) t\u1edbi 5 l\u1ea7n trong 5 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 mang s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 9 t\u1edbi 13. \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh Nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i 17 l\u1ea7n nh\u00f3m ch\u1eef \u201cr\u1eddi b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 b\u1edd n\u00e0y v\u00e0 b\u1edd kia<\/em>\u201d (sloughs off the near shore & far<\/strong>) trong 17 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Kinh Sn 1.1. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m Kinh: \u201cV\u00f4 kh\u1ed5 t\u1eadp di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1o, v\u00f4 tr\u00ed di\u1ec7c v\u00f4 \u0111\u1eafc\u201d \u2013 [Trong c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00ec] kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 Kh\u1ed5, T\u1eadp, Di\u1ec7t, \u0110\u1ea1o. C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 Tr\u00ed Tu\u1ec7 (qua b\u1edd kia), c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 Ch\u1ee9ng \u0110\u1eafc (gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t)\u2026 (15)<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1i nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y trong nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i kinh trong nh\u00f3m Kinh Nh\u1eadt T\u1ee5ng S\u01a1 Th\u1eddi, nh\u00f3m kinh ch\u01b0 t\u0103ng t\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p khi c\u00f2n sinh ti\u1ec1n. Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 Kinh Sn 4.5, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 Bhante Varado ghi r\u1eb1ng ngay t\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi b\u1ecf<\/strong>, trong khi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201cdoctrine\u201d (gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft). \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Sn 4.5, b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 803, b\u1ea3n Anh d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Bhante Varado: \u201c803. He does not concoct religious teachings, Nor does he blindly follow them. He does not hold on even to the Buddha\u2019s teachings<\/strong>. He is a Brahman, Not to be inferred by precepts and practices. Gone to the further shore, One of such quality does not return<\/em>.\u201d (16)<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i k\u1ec7 803 tr\u00ean, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Thanissaro Bhikkhu l\u00e0: “They don’t conjure, don’t yearn, don’t adhere even to doctrines<\/strong>. A brahman not led by precepts or practices, gone to the beyond \u2014 Such \u2014 doesn’t fall back<\/em>.” (16)<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i k\u1ec7 803, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Khantipalo: “Neither they\u2019re fashioned nor honoured at all\u2014those doctrines<\/strong>, they\u2019re never accepted by him: Perfected, not guided by rites or by vows, One Thus, not returning, beyond has he gone<\/em>.” (16)<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i k\u1ec7 803, b\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c: “803. V\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp, thi\u00ean v\u1ec1, kh\u00f4ng n\u1eafm gi\u1eef gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0o<\/strong>, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb d\u1eabn d\u1eaft b\u1edfi gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt hay nghi l\u1ec5 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. S\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ecb [is Thus] v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 qua b\u1edd, kh\u00f4ng l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i<\/em>.” (16)<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t T\u00e2m Kinh. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec sao c\u00e1c Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 trong khi d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u00f3 l\u00fac ch\u1ebb t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0m c\u1ee7i \u0111\u1ec3 s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u201cPhi t\u00e2m, phi Ph\u1eadt\u201d trong m\u1ed9t t\u1eafc V\u00f4 M\u00f4n Quan \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau l\u00ean trong b\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n

—- B\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb B\u1ed5n s\u01b0 l\u00e0 H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch T\u1ecbch Chi\u1ebfu (1912-2016). C\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u01b0 s\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u “Kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 tu h\u1ebft” trong c\u00e1c l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y Th\u00edch T\u1ecbch Chi\u1ebfu.<\/span><\/p>\n

NGUY\u00caN GI\u00c1C — 4\/2021<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

GHI CH\u00da<\/span><\/strong><\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

(1) Kinh AN 6.49: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/an6.49\/vi\/minh_chau<\/a> \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(2) Kinh AN 4.192: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/an4.192\/vi\/minh_chau<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(3) Kinh\u00a0 Ud 7.2: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/ud7.2\/en\/sujato<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(4) Kinh Nh\u1eadt T\u1ee5ng S\u01a1 Th\u1eddi:<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/a30590\/kinh-nhat-tung-so-thoi<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(5) Kinh EA 45.6: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/ea45.6\/vi\/tue_sy-thang<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(6) Kinh SA 335: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/sa335\/vi\/tue_sy-thang<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(7) Kinh AN 4.36: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/an4.36\/vi\/minh_chau<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(8) Kinh AN 4.185: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/an4.185\/vi\/minh_chau<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(9) Kinh SA 952: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/sa962\/vi\/tue_sy-thang<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(10) Kinh SN 12.12: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/sn12.12\/vi\/minh_chau<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(11) Kinh SA 103: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/sa103\/vi\/tue_sy-thang<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(12) Kinh SA 1091: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/sa1091\/vi\/tue_sy-thang<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(13) Kinh SN 22.95: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/sn22.95\/vi\/minh_chau<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(14) Kinh SA 273: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/sa273\/vi\/tue_sy-thang<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(15) Kinh Sp 1.1 Uraga Sutta:<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/accesstoinsight.org\/tipitaka\/kn\/snp\/snp.1.01.than.html<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(16) Kinh Sn 4.5, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Bhante Varado:<\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/suttas.net\/english\/suttas\/khuddaka-nikaya\/sutta-nipata\/atthakavagga%20-%20php%20version%201.4\/05-highest.php<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Thanissaro:\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/accesstoinsight.org\/tipitaka\/kn\/snp\/snp.4.05.than.html<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Khantipalo: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/snp4.5\/en\/mills<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c:https:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/p15a30598\/sn-4-5-parama-haka-sutta-kinh-ve-toi-thuong<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u01b0 S\u0129 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c B\u1ed2 \u0110\u1ec0 \u0110\u1ea0T MA: T\u1eea HUY\u1ec0N THO\u1ea0I T\u1edaI T\u00c2M KINH Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng s\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f3i huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i, ngay kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0i Ca Di\u1ebfp khi th\u1ea5y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u1ea7m l\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u00f4ng hoa. V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Thi\u1ec1n, t\u1eeb chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i h\u01a1n hai thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 […]\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8365,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[159,273,188,170],"tags":[360],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8364"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8364"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8364\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8374,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8364\/revisions\/8374"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8365"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8364"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8364"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phapnhan.org\/tv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}